Eco-Engineering and Protection Forests Against Rockfalls and Snow Avalanches

Berger, Frédéric; Dorren, Luuk; Kleemayr, Karl; Maier, Bernhard; SpelaPlaninsek,; Bigot, Christophe; Bourrier, Franck; Jancke, Oliver; DavidToe,; Cerbu, Gillian

doi:10.5772/56275

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(2 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Evergreen tree species are more efficient in intercepting snow and preventing it from gliding. However, A. alba and P. abies needles on the ground facilitate sliding and possibly increase avalanche activity (Viglietti et al, 2010;Berger et al, 2013). In the case of smaller quantities of snow, deciduous trees can be suitable since more sunlight reaches the canopy floor and melts the snow, thus preventing gliding (Teich et al, 2012).…”

Section: The Protective Effect Of Forest Against Avalanches Varovalnimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of smaller quantities of snow, deciduous trees can be suitable since more sunlight reaches the canopy floor and melts the snow, thus preventing gliding (Teich et al, 2012). In the case of large quantities of snow, the effect of canopy cover and tree species is negligible (Berger et al, 2013). In propagation areas, conifers are more effective than broadleaves or larch trees (Bebi et al, 2009).…”

Section: The Protective Effect Of Forest Against Avalanches Varovalnimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to evergreen trees, leafless trees (deciduous trees and larch) have smaller effective crown areas and are more likely to survive powder avalanche blasts (Feistl et al, 2015). Thus, larch, deciduous trees and shrub canopy should be limited in release zones in favor of other conifers (Newesely et al, 2000;Viglietti et al, 2010;Berger et al, 2013). In areas where both avalanches and rockfalls occur, mixed forest provides the most effective form of protection (Stokes, 2006).…”

Section: The Protective Effect Of Forest Against Avalanches Varovalnimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The influence of abiotic and biotic disturbances on the protective effect of alpine forests against avalanches and rockfalls

Oven¹,

Žabota²,

Kobal³

2020

Acta Silvae et Ligni

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abiotic and biotic disturbances in alpine forests can reduce forest cover or change the structure of the forest and consequently reduce the protective effect of forest against natural hazards such as avalanches and rockfalls. In this review article, the effect of the main abiotic (forest fire, windthrow, ice break, snow break, avalanche and rockfall) and biotic (insects and pathogens) disturbances in protection forests are presented along with their potential influence on the protective effect of forest against avalanches and rockfalls. In general, natural disturbances negatively affect the protective effect of forest, especially in the case of large-scale and severe events, which in alpine areas are mostly caused by storms, bark beetle outbreaks, avalanches and forest fires. Climate change induced interactions between disturbances are expected to present challenges in the management of protection forests in the future. key words: natural disturbances, natural hazards, abiotic disturbances, biotic disturbances, protection forests, protective effect, stand parameters, rockfall, avalanche izvleček V gozdovih alpskega prostora lahko abiotske in biotske motnje vplivajo na porazdelitev in strukturo gozdov do te mere, da jim zmanjšajo varovalni učinek pred naravnimi nevarnostnimi, kot so snežni plazovi in skalni podori. V članku je zato predstavljen pregled glavnih vplivov abiotskih (gozdni požari, vetrolom, snegolom, žled, snežni plazovi in skalni podori) in biotskih (insekti in patogeni) motenj na varovalno in zaščitno funkcijo gozdov pred snežnimi plazovi in skalnimi podori. Naravne motnje na splošno negativno vplivajo na varovalni učinek gozda pred naravnimi nevarnostmi, še posebej v primeru veliko-površinskih dogodkov z visoko jakostjo poškodovanosti. Slednje so v alpskem prostoru najpogosteje posledica neviht, napada podlubnikov, snežnih plazov in gozdnih požarov. Podnebne spremembe in njihov vpliv na naravne motnje bodo v bodoče postale pomemben izziv pri upravljanju z gozdovi, ki opravljajo varovalno in zaščitno funkcijo. ključne besede: naravna motnja, naravne nevarnosti, varovalna in zaščitna funkcija gozda, varovalni učinek, sestojni parametri, skalni podor, snežni plaz GDK 907.32:38:42(045)=163.6 Prispelo / Received: 11.

show abstract

Section: The Protective Effect Of Forest Against Avalanches Varovalnimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Protective Effect Of Forest Against Avalanches Varovalnimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Protective Effect Of Forest Against Avalanches Varovalnimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The influence of abiotic and biotic disturbances on the protective effect of alpine forests against avalanches and rockfalls

Oven¹,

Žabota²,

Kobal³

2020

Acta Silvae et Ligni

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We estimated their h/d (height/diameter) dimension ratio, based on the measured heights and diameters of trees. The size of the crown, crown length, and h/d ratio of a tree are considered important with respect to its stability during storms and snow [39,40]. The recommended h/d dimension ratio of trees is lower than 80, whereas in snow avalanche and rock fall protection forests, the values of coniferous trees should be lower than 65.…”

Section: Fieldworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Forest Edge Structure and Stability in Peri-Urban Forests

Hladnik

Kobler

Pirnat

2020

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the presented research, we studied the forest edge structure of urban and peri-urban forests on the outskirts of Ljubljana (Slovenia) consisting of a number of patches covering the collective surface of 1884 ha. They differ from each other according to the degree of fragmentation and by the share of the interior forest area. On the basis of LiDAR data, we conducted an analysis of the edges of the persistent forest patches and estimated them with regard to the land use they bordered on. The horizontal estimation of forest edges and the changes of forest edges, in the last decades, were estimated using digital orthophoto images of cyclic aerial surveys of Slovenia, from 1975 to 2018. The data, provided by LiDAR, were used to obtain an accurate estimate of forest edges and the metrics of their vertical canopy structure. On the basis of the canopy height model (CHM), we determined the height classes, the heights of the tallest trees, and indices of canopy height diversity (CHD) as variables subjected to a k-means cluster analysis. To determine the forest edge and trees stability, their heights and diameters at breast height (DBH) were measured and their canopy length and h/d (height/diameter) dimension ratios were estimated. In the study area of the Golovec forest patch, more than half of the forest edge segments (56%) border on residential buildings. After the construction of buildings, 54% of the newly formed forest edges developed a high and steep structure. Unfavorable h/d dimension ratio was estimated for 16% of trees, more among the coniferous than among the deciduous trees. Similar characteristics of newly formed forest edges bordering on built-up areas were determined in other sub-urban forest patches, despite the smaller share of such forest edges (19% and 10%, respectively). Tools and methods presented in the research enable the implementation of concrete silvicultural practices in a realistic time period and extend to ensure that adequate forestry measures are taken to minimize possible disturbances.

show abstract

“…For the development of appropriate counter measures the potential threat to these ecosystem services needs to be mapped and evaluated. Efficient methods are described and applied [42,43]. The developed methods meet the challenge of being easily applicable in order to be useful even when extensive data are not available.…”

Section: Forest Engineering Approaches -Adaptive Forest Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks – An Introduction to the Manfred Project

Jandl¹,

Cerbu²,

Hanewinkel³

et al. 2013

Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eco-Engineering and Protection Forests Against Rockfalls and Snow Avalanches

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

The influence of abiotic and biotic disturbances on the protective effect of alpine forests against avalanches and rockfalls

The influence of abiotic and biotic disturbances on the protective effect of alpine forests against avalanches and rockfalls

Evaluation of Forest Edge Structure and Stability in Peri-Urban Forests

Management Strategies to Adapt Alpine Space Forests to Climate Change Risks – An Introduction to the Manfred Project

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About