Eco-Efficient Biosorbent Based on Leucaena leucocephala Residues for the Simultaneous Removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Ions from Water System: Sorption and Mechanism

Abstract

Leucaena leucocephala is a potential source of polyphenols widely available in southern Mexico. This work highlights the extraction of polyphenols from Leucaena leucocephala leaves waste (LLEPs) and the evaluation of their efficiency to remove the single and multicomponent Pb(II) and Cd(II) metal ions from aqueous solutions. Batch test conditions were carried out to examine the effects of contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the biosorption process. The surface textures and the composition of the LLEP biosorbent was characterized using pH of point of zero charge (pHPZC), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, respectively. Further analysis using ATR-FTIR after adsorption contact of biosorbent was also investigated. The highest Langmuir saturation monolayer adsorption capacity, qm, for the removal of Pb(II) by LLEPs was obtained as 25.51 and 21.55 mg/g in mono- and bimetal solutions, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model provided the best fit for the kinetic data obtained for the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), and their mixture, and the k2 values depend on the adsorbent mass. This implied that the chemisorption process might be the mechanism of the solute ions-LLEPs interaction in this study. Furthermore, nearly 100% removal of lead and cadmium individually and 95% of their mixture was found using 0.9 g of LLEPs.

Synthesis and Characterization of Rice Husk Biochar and its Application in the Adsorption Studies of Lead and Copper

“…The optimum contact time was found to be 60 minutes for Cu(II) and Pb(II) removal at all initial concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 mg/l. The increase in heavy metal ions removal with increased residence time was attributed to the availability of many binding sites and hence the metal ions bound to the adsorbent surfaces [25]. As the optimum residence time was attained, the rate of adsorption became constant, most probably since the number of binding sites became limited, leading to the formation of repulsive forces between the metal ions in the adsorbent surface and the metal ions in the solution [26].…”

Food’s Waste Water Biosolid Assessment against Toxic Element Absorbability of Food’s Cropping Soil Plant by Dominance Theory

“…Various tests are conducted to assess the quantity of organic matters such as biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) involved in land waste water BSs. The physicochemical parameters, namely, pH, temperature, turbidity, BOD, COD, DO, TOC, conductivity, TDS, TSS, total alkalinity, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, and heavy metal concentrations (iron, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc) are described by APHA (1992) and Guide Manual (Manivasakam N, 2011), ( [16][17][18], Wanga et al, [19], [20], Djafarou, et al, [21], Florencia et al, [22], Djafarou, et al, [21] Kumar et al, [23]. The authors made effort for the treatment of biosolids or sewage sludge for making it more suitable and feasible BS to be used for a real life application.…”

Phosphorylated cellulose paper as highly efficient adsorbent for cadmium heavy metal ion removal in aqueous solutions

“…Hence, various treatments have been used to remove Cd 2+ from contaminated waters, including membrane ltration, 4 chemical electrodeposition, 5 precipitation, 6 ion exchange and adsorption. 7,8 Adsorption, which has gained a great deal of interest, is preferred because of its easy operation, high efficiency, fast pollutant removal rate, eco-friendly nature, low cost, and reversibility. [9][10][11][12][13][14] The commonly reported adsorbents materials are activated carbon, 15,16 zeolite, 17,18 clay, 19 apatite.…”