Eco-biological Uniqueness of East Kolkata Wetland, a Ramsar Site in India

Abstract

The present work deals with the classical and quantum aspects of the Raychaudhuri equation in the framework of f (T )-gravity theory. In the background of homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker space-time, the Raychaudhuri equation has been formulated and used to examine the focusing theorem and convergence condition for different choices of f (T ). Finally in quantum cosmology, the wave function of the universe has been shown to be the energy eigen function of the time-independent Schrödinger equation of a particle. Also probability measure on the minisuperspace has been examined at zero volume for singularity analysis in the quantum regime. Lastly, the Bohmian trajectory for the present quantum system has been explicitly determined for some particular choices.

Impact of Climate Change: Whispering from the Sundarbans Mangrove of Bangladesh

“…Bangladesh faces both predictable and unpredictable climate change impacts (Alam et al 2020;Ali et al 2019;Billah 2018;Chakraborty 2023;Dastagir 2015;Haque et al 2020;Hasnat et al 2020;Khan 2019, Mukhopadhyay et al 2022Rahman 2020;Rahman 2021;Rahman et al 2021;Rahman 2022). The Sundarbans Delta is struggling with multiple climatic stressors notably sea level rise, tropical cyclones, storm surges, and salinization (Chakrabarty 2023; Chakraborty et al 2023;Samanta et al 2021;Tuladhar 2023;Visions 2023, Rahman 2023. Most of the rivers of Bangladesh flow from north to south, silting up the mangroves delta and draining into the Bay of Bengal (Bandyopadhyay et al 2023;van Maren et al 2023).…”

How Does Increased Salination Jeopardize the Floral Diversity of the Sundarbans Mangrove of Bangladesh?

“…Bangladesh is confronting both predictable and unpredictable climate change impacts every year (Mukhopadhyay et al 2022;Chakraborty 2023;Khan 2019Haque et al 2020;Ali et al 2019;Hasnat et al 2020;Chiba et al 2017;Alam et al 2020;Billah 2018;Dastagir 2015;Rahman 2020;Rahman 2021 a, b;Rahman et al 2021;Rahman 2022). The Sundarbans Delta is struggling with multiple climatic hazards like tropical cyclones, storm surges, and salinization (Chakrabarty 2023;Tuladhar 2023;Samanta et al 2021;Visions 2023;Chakraborty et al 2023). Most of the rivers of Bangladesh flow from north to south, silting up the mangroves delta and draining into the Bay of Bengal (van Maren et al 2023;Bandyopadhyay et al 2023).…”