Eclampsia: Maternal and Fetal Outcome

Abstract

Eclampsia is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal mortality as well as morbidity. This prospective study was carried out at a tertiary institute from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010. Aim and objectives (1) To evaluate the rate of eclampsia in antenatal women attending our hospital, (2) to evaluate the epidemiological factors and clinical presentation in women with eclampsia, (3) to analyze the maternal and perinatal outcome in women with eclampsia, and (4) to formulate strategies to improve the maternal and perinatal outcome. Materials and methods Fifty-five women with eclampsia were evaluated over a period of 3 years. Results During the above period, total number of deliveries were 6,100 out of which 55 were eclampsia giving incidence of —0.9%. The women with eclampsia were treated with magnesium sulfate. Around 70.91% of women had antenatal eclampsia, 18.18% of women had intrapartum eclampsia and 10.91% of women had postpartum eclampsia. Out of 55 women, maternal mortality was 5.45% and perinatal mortality was 25.45%. Conclusion Incidence of eclampsia is higher in developing countries, like India. Magnesium sulfate is an effective anticonvulsant drug leading to cessation of convulsions in 100% cases. Magnesium sulfate toxicity was not observed in any case, indicating effectivity of clinical monitoring during magnesium sulfate therapy. How to cite this article Bhalerao A, Kulkarni S, Ghike S, Kawthalkar A, Joshi S, Somalwar S. Eclampsia: Maternal and Fetal Outcome. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(1): 19-21.

Eclampsia: a retrospective study in a tertiary care centre

“…Antepartum eclampsia was the commonest in our study around 69.8%, Which is comparable to study by Anuja Bhalerao et al who reported antepartum eclampsia of 70.91%. 9 But postpartum eclampsia was common in study by Chames MC et al because of earlier detection of preeclampsia and prophylactic magnesium sulphate. 10 40.3% of patients were in gestational age of 32-36 weeks.…”

Eclampsia: maternal and perinatal outcomes in a tertiary care centre

“…6 We observed 48% preterm births and similar results were reported by Bhalerao et al as preterm deliveries 42% and term 58% deliveries. 18 In a study by Khanum et al there were 66% live births, 21% still births and 17% cases of neonatal deaths. 11 George IO et al reported neonatal deaths due to birth asphyxia in 33.3% cases; 22.2% by respiratory distress syndrome; 22.2% with prematurity; 16.7% with sepsis and 5.6% with jaundice.…”

“…18.18% cases were IUD and 27.27% cases were IUGR. 18 Sunita TH reported a 92% live birth rate and 8% still births. 6 We observed 48% preterm births and similar results were reported by Bhalerao et al as preterm deliveries 42% and term 58% deliveries.…”

“…30.91% antepartum haemorrhage; 5.45% ARF; 25.66% with HELLP syndrome, 5.45% with DIC, 7.27% PPH; and pulmonary edema in 1.82% cases. 18 A total of 3 deaths (5.45%) were reported. Sunita TH in her study, reported 33% complications viz.…”

Analysis of the causes of maternal death in eclampsia

“…Bhalero A. reported adverse maternal and prenatal outcome associated increased interval between onset of convulsion and delivery interval. 13 42.85% mothers died before delivery. Once a complication had already developed, magnesium sulphate could not prevent the sequel of complications.…”