Echotomographic and Serologic Screening for Hydatidosis in a Tunisian Village

Mlika, N; Larouzé, Bernard; Gaudebout, C.; Braham, B; Allegue, M; Mc, Dazza; Dridi, M. Ben; Gharbi, S; Gaumer, Benoît; Bchir, A.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1986.35.815

Cited by 39 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…13,20,21 In the current study, the majority of all types of cysts detected were univesicular. The differential diagnosis between Type I CE and nonhydatid (simple) cysts is difficult.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 46%

“…[17][18][19] The ability to undertake mass screening programs for human CE has been greatly advanced by the advent of portable ultrasound, which has proved highly effective in the diagnosis of asymptomatic cases. 13,20,21 In addition, serologic tests based on Echinococcus antibody detection have also been effectively used in some endemic regions, such as Argentina, to identify asymptomatic seroreactors. 22,23 However, the combination of ultrasound and serology is likely to be most effective for detection of asymptomatic CE cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human cystic echinococcosis in a Uruguayan community: a sonographic, serologic, and epidemiologic study.

Cohen¹,

Paolillo²,

Bonifacino³

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A prevalence and transmission study of human cystic echinococcosis (CE), due to infection with the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, was undertaken in the village of La Paloma in central Uruguay. The human population was registered and screened for CE by abdominal ultrasound scan as well as a number of serologic tests. Dogs were screened for E. granulosus infection by arecoline purgation as well as specific coproantigen testing. The total prevalence of human CE (new cases and those with a previous history) was 5.6% (64 of 1,149); 3.6% (40) of the cases were new ultrasound detected asymptomatic cases (mean age ϭ 45 years). Age prevalence increased from 1.1% in the 4-6-year-old group to Ͼ 11% in the Ͼ 60-year-old group; the 20-29-year-old group had a significantly higher CE rate of 7.4%, compared with younger and older age groups, and there was no difference between sexes. A CE rate of 3.9% (20 of 514) was also recorded by ultrasound for new cases in the population residing outside the village. Most of the hydatid cysts were located in the liver presenting as either univesicular cysts or a solid mass, and of those 71% and 63%, respectively, with such cyst presentations were seropositive against E. granulosus cyst fluid antigens. Two of eight individuals who were filter paper blood spot seropositive, but ultrasound scan negative, were subsequently diagnosed respectively with pulmonary hydatidosis after radiography, and hepatic hydatidosis after computed tomography scan. Of 36 households with a CE patient, 32 were single cases while four households each harbored two CE cases. This did not represent a clustered distribution within families (23 of 117). Almost 20% of the dogs from La Paloma were found infected with E. granulosus after purge examination, with a mean worm number of 67 (range ϭ 1-1,020). An additional eight dogs that were purge negative were Echinococcus coproantigen positive. The study showed that human CE is highly endemic in Uruguay, with one of the highest local prevalence rates in the world. Transmission appears to occur readily within well-developed towns, as well as on rural sheep ranches. Mass screening by ultrasound scanning with confirmatory serologic testing is an effective approach to case detection at the community level.Echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic zoonotic parasitic helminthic disease due to infection with the larval stage (hydatid) of the small dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The parasite has a global distribution but is particularly prevalent in rural areas where it is transmitted in a cycle between the dog, the definitive host, and the sheep, the intermediate host. 1 In South America, E. granulosus is endemic and a significant public health problem in several countries including Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

show abstract

“…13,20,21 In the current study, the majority of all types of cysts detected were univesicular. The differential diagnosis between Type I CE and nonhydatid (simple) cysts is difficult.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 46%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Human cystic echinococcosis in a Uruguayan community: a sonographic, serologic, and epidemiologic study.

Cohen¹,

Paolillo²,

Bonifacino³

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ultrasounds identified the lesions in 98.40/0 of cases while serology was positive in only 15.8% (10). A 4. similar study was carried out in Tunisia, but the Elisa test as a serological screening test combined with echography were used in 1,650 subjects; these two diagnostic systems had the same results (16). In Italy, human hydatidosis has a high incidence in the South and in the isles and it is more frequent in rural versus urban areas, as confirmed by this study.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 60%

Echographic epidemiology of cystic hydatid disease in Italy

et al. 1993

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was carried out in order to establish the actual prevalence of cystic hydatid disease in Italy using ultrasound. In fact, there is a great difference between the official reports of the disease and epidemiological investigations. From 1988 to 1990, 424 cases of cystic hydatid disease were diagnosed in 333,144 examinations performed in nineteen Italian Echographic Departments, giving a mean incidence of 0.16%. Most of the examined persons arriving at the 19 Echographic Departments had symptoms independent from hydatidosis, were affected with other pathologies, or they were patients attending follow-up for neoplasms. The authors note that human hydatidosis has a high incidence in the south and in the isles; hepatic lesions were 85.61% of all cases of abdominal hydatidosis, asymptomatic cystic hydatid disease was present in 60% of the total number; the average age of the sample examined was 45.38 years without significant differences between men and women. Finally the Authors suggest the importance of echography in planning therapeutic programs.

show abstract

“…Human CE prevalence rates varied between 0.4% and 3.6% in Tunisia, 3,34 up to 5.6% in Kenya, 24,35 0.3-2.9% in China, 36,37 1.3-5.6% in Uruguay, 33,38 and up to 8.6% in Argentina. 39 However, the current study is probably one of the largest human CE mass screening programs undertaken.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Human CE is known to be endemic in north Africa and has been reported in Libya, 2 Tunisia, 3,4 Algeria, 5,6 Morocco, 7 and to a lesser extent Egypt. 8 In Libya, CE is one of the most important parasitic infections of humans and domestic animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An extensive ultrasound and serologic study to investigate the prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis in northern Libya.

Shambesh¹,

Craig²,

Macpherson³

et al. 1999

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. A prevalence study of abdominal cystic echinococcosis (CE) was undertaken in the northwest, northcentral, and northeast regions of Libya. A total of 36 villages along the coast were included, in which 20,220 people were screened by portable ultrasound. Three hundred thirty-nine (1.7%) were diagnosed with CE. There was no significant difference between CE prevalence rates in the three regions of Libya (mean ϭ 1.6%); however, intervillage rates were variable, ranging from 0% to 4.5%. The prevalence of CE increased significantly with age (P Ͻ 0.0001) and females were significantly more affected (2%) than males (1.3%) (P Ͻ 0.0001). Cases of CE were distributed among 3.2% of housewives, 2.6% of farmers, 2.3% of male civil servants, 1.3% of female students, and 1.1% of male students. Housewives (P Ͻ 0.0001) and students (P Ͻ 0.0001) were significantly more at risk for CE. A statistically significant proportion (62% [210 of 339]) of CE cases kept dogs (P Ͻ 0.0001). Of the ultrasound-positive CE cases 69% (233 of 339) were antibody seropositive by ELISA using Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid antigen B. Blood samples (n ϭ 10,096) collected onto filter papers were taken randomly from ultrasound-negative people who entered the study, of which 11.2% were found to be seropositive. Seropositivity increased with age (P Ͻ 0.0001), with females exhibiting higher seroprevalence than males for all age groups (P Ͻ 0.0001). Seroprevalence was distributed occupationally among 17.3% of female students, 11.2% of male students, 8.3% of housewives, 7.3% of farmers, and 6.4% of male civil servants. Housewives and students were more likely to be seropositive (P Ͻ 0.0001). Forty-seven percent (526) of the seroreactors kept dogs. All liver hydatid cysts detected by ultrasound during community screening were classified according to morphology and size into six types. Type I (17.5% of all cases) were small univesicular cysts less than 50 mm in diameter with no laminations or daughter cysts. Type II (34%) were univesicular cysts with only laminations. Type IIIa (8.5%) were univesicular cysts with the appearance of laminations and daughter cysts. Type IIIb (13%) were univesicular with laminations and less prominent daughter cysts. Type IV (5.6%) presented as a solid mass. Type V were degenerated calcified or partially calcified cysts (13.2%). Type VI presented as multiple cysts (8% of all cases). The CE cases that exhibited Types II, IIIa, IIIb, IV or VI cysts showed the highest seropositivity (86%, 96%, 95%, 100%, and 96%, respectively), while Types I and V were the least seroreactive (38% and 22%, respectively). Cases of CE occurred in 311 families, with 93% having only one member as a CE case while 7% of the families had two or more cases. However, 25% of the ultrasound-negative persons belonging to families with an index CE case were seropositive for antibodies to Echinococcus. These results confirm the importance of human CE in Libya. They also confirm the usefulness of ultrasound combined with serology as a mass screeni...

show abstract

Echotomographic and Serologic Screening for Hydatidosis in a Tunisian Village

Cited by 39 publications

References 0 publications

Human cystic echinococcosis in a Uruguayan community: a sonographic, serologic, and epidemiologic study.

Human cystic echinococcosis in a Uruguayan community: a sonographic, serologic, and epidemiologic study.

Echographic epidemiology of cystic hydatid disease in Italy

An extensive ultrasound and serologic study to investigate the prevalence of human cystic echinococcosis in northern Libya.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About