Echocardiography in Patients with HIV Infection

Sud, Karan; Argulian, Edgar

doi:10.1007/s11886-020-01347-5

Cited by 3 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Similar to this study, increasing age has been shown to be an independent risk factor for DD in HIV patients (9) and is also a known risk factor in the general population (22). Hypertension and LVH are other risks for DD seen in previous studies also supported by our ndings (3,5,9,22,23). HIV infection is also a risk factor for DD by itself (3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Certain ART medications increase level of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and C-reactive protein that increase the risk of coronary artery disease (5,8). They also have increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (5). With increasing longevity and decreasing opportunistic infections, coronary artery disease is expected to become an increasing burden (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neoformans and Herpes Simplex (30). Malignancies such as Lymphoma and Kaposi Sarcoma which have become less common with the widespread use of ART are other potential causes (5,30). Patients with pericardial effusion potentially have higher mortality and therefore needs management as many of the causes are potentially treatable (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major proposed mechanism is increased endothelial dysfunction but also includes lipodystrophy and impaired glucose metabolism (7,8). Certain ART medications increase level of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and C-reactive protein that increase the risk of coronary artery disease (5,8). They also have increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During earlier periods of the infection, the most common cardiovascular manifestations of HIV were pericardial effusion and cardiomyopathy (5). This pattern has persisted to be seen in developing countries but in a uent societies, with widespread use of ART, it is shifting gradually to diastolic dysfunction, coronary artery disease and pulmonary hypertension (5). Echocardiography is a useful non-invasive diagnostic imaging modality that is valuable in the diagnosis of these cardiac manifestations (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Woldeyes

Mulatu

Ephrem

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular diseases are becoming an important part of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) care. Echocardiography is a useful non-invasive tool to assess for cardiac disease and different echocardiographic abnormalities have been seen previously. Available evidence on the echocardiographic abnormalities in Ethiopia is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the echocardiographic abnormalities in HIV infected patients and factors associated with the findings.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 285 patients with HIV infection including collection of clinical and echocardiographic data. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and associated factors with variables with a p-value of < 0.05 in the multivariate model considered statistically significant.Results: Diastolic dysfunction was the most common abnormality seen in 30.1% of the participants followed by regional wall motion abnormality (22.2%), left ventricular hypertrophy (10.3%), enlarged left atrium (8.1%), pulmonary hypertension (3.5%) and pericardial effusion (2.1%). Almost all patients had normal left ventricle systolic function. Diastolic dysfunction was independently associated with increasing age, elevated blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy while regional wall motion abnormality was associated with male gender, increasing age and abnormal fasting blood glucose. Left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with increasing age and blood pressure and the later was associated with left atrial enlargement. The level of immunosuppression did not affect echocardiography findings. Conclusions: A high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities was found and included diastolic dysfunction, regional wall motion abnormality, left ventricular hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement. Male gender, age above 50 years, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting blood glucose were associated with echocardiographic abnormalities. Appropriate screening and treatment of echocardiographic abnormalities is needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Woldeyes

Mulatu

Ephrem

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Echocardiographic findings and associated factors in HIV-infected patients at a tertiary hospital in Ethiopia

et al. 2022

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Noncommunicable diseases including cardiovascular diseases are becoming an important part of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care. Echocardiography is a useful noninvasive tool to assess cardiac disease and different echocardiographic abnormalities have been seen previously. The aim of this study was to investigate the echocardiographic abnormalities in HIV-infected patients and factors associated with the findings.A cross-sectional study was conducted on 285 patients with HIV infection including collection of clinical and echocardiographic data. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and associated factors with variables with a P value of <.05 in the multivariate model considered statistically significant.Diastolic dysfunction was the most common abnormality seen in 30% of the participants followed by ischemic heart disease (19.3%), left ventricular hypertrophy (10.2%), enlarged left atrium (8.1%), pulmonary hypertension (3.6%), and pericardial effusion (2.1%). Diastolic dysfunction was independently associated with increasing age, elevated blood pressure, and left ventricular hypertrophy while ischemic heart disease was associated with male gender, increasing age, and abnormal fasting blood glucose. Left ventricular hypertrophy was associated with increasing age and blood pressure and the later was associated with left atrial enlargement. The level of immunosuppression did not affect echocardiography findings.A high prevalence of echocardiographic abnormalities was found. Male gender, age >50 years, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting blood glucose were associated with echocardiographic abnormalities. Appropriate follow-up and treatment of echocardiographic abnormalities is needed.

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Factors influencing left ventricular diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography of people living with HIV in Kunming, China

Pan,

Bai

2023

Int J STD AIDS

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Background The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy has prolonged the survival of people living with HIV (PLWH). Among these patients, co-existing cardiovascular diseases, particularly left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), are receiving increasing attention. Methods We recruited 386 patients in the PLWH group and 386 sex- and age (± 3 years)-matched individuals in the HIV-negative group, and used logistic regression to determine the risk factors of LVDD. Results Compared to the HIV-negative group, PLWH had a significantly higher prevalence of smoking ( p < .001), alcohol consumption ( p < .001), hypertension ( p = .002), diabetes ( p = .020), and hyperlipidemia ( p < .001) and a lower prevalence of body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24.0 kg/m2 ( p < .001). The prevalence of LVDD on echocardiography was significantly higher in PLWH than in the HIV-negative group (25.9% vs 16.1%, p = .001). The multivariate analysis showed that non-youth (OR = 8.666; 95%CI = 4.310-17.459; p < .001), BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2 (OR = 1.992; 95% CI = 1.007-3.939; p = .048), hypertension (OR = 1.888; 95% CI = 1.044-3.415; p = .036), hyperlipidemia (OR = 1.911; 95% CI = 1.068-3.418; p = .029), and HIV infection (OR = 2.003; 95%CI = 1.341-2.992; p = .001) were risk factors for LVDD. Conclusion The rate of echocardiographic abnormalities was higher in PLWH. LVDD was associated with non-youth, BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and living with HIV.

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Echocardiography in Patients with HIV Infection

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Echocardiographic Findings and Associated Factors in HIV Infected Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Echocardiographic findings and associated factors in HIV-infected patients at a tertiary hospital in Ethiopia

Factors influencing left ventricular diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography of people living with HIV in Kunming, China

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