Echocardiographic Recognition of Unusual Complications after Surgery on the Great Vessels and Cardiac Valves

Recommendations for Evaluation of Prosthetic Valves With Echocardiography and Doppler Ultrasound

“…The various complications after valve replacement and their echocardiographic features are beyond the scope of this document and have been recently reviewed. 67 2. Endocarditis.…”

“…66 Patients with composite aortic valve and root replacement have the same type of complications as the type of valve used within the conduit and in addition may suffer from pseudoaneurysm or dehiscence at the coronary artery buttons and/or at the annular anastomosis. 67 Although this complication can be suspected from the transthoracic examination, it usually requires transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation. The various complications after valve replacement and their echocardiographic features are beyond the scope of this document and have been recently reviewed.…”