Echocardiographic evaluation of patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome

Assessment of Cardiac Structure and Left Atrial Appendage Functions in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome

“…Because anticardiolipin antibody titers were high in PAPS patients with cardiac involvement, there may be a relationship between these 2 events. Espinola et al 17 reported similar findings in a study with TEE. Valvular involvement was present in 75.9% of the patients and the most frequent lesion was the presence of MR (59%).…”

“…The incidence of cardiac involvement was reported to be 10% to 60% in studies performed with transthoracic echocardiography, 2,14 -16 but recent studies performed with TEE revealed higher rates of cardiac involvement (82% to 75.9%). 3,17 The lesions described were mitral insufficiency, cusp thickening, micronodules, and macronodule formation on the cusps. 2 In our study, cardiac involvement was present in 83.8% of the PAPS patients.…”

Endocardite de Libman-Sacks, anticorpos antifosfolípides e trombose arterial no lúpus ertitematoso sistêmico: relato de caso

“…9 However, a study that analyzed patients with primary APS and valve lesions showed persistence of the latter, in spite of oral anticoagulation. 10 In the present case, the patient received warfarin to maintain the INR at 2.5-3.5, chloroquine diphosphate and as she had signs of disease activity (pericardial effusion, increased ESR and decreased C3), prednisone -40 mg/day. In this aspect, it should be considered that prospective, controlled, and randomized studies have shown that moderate anticoagulation (INR 2.0-3.0), as well as a more intensive one (INR 3.0-4.0) with warfarin were similarly effective in preventing new thromboembolic events in patients with APS after the first thrombosis.…”

Accidente cerebrovascular embólico por endocarditis de Libman-Sacks como manifestación inicial de síndrome antifosfolípidos primario en una paciente de 17 años: Report of one case

“…Cuando se ha utilizado la ecocardiografía transesofágica la prevalencia aumenta hasta 82%. La válvula mitral es la más frecuentemente comprometida, seguida por la aórtica y la tricuspídea en menos de 10% de los casos 4,5 .…”