“…Because of the retrospective nature of this study, we could not quantify RV volumes either by three-dimensional echocardiography or by 2D-based three-dimensional reconstruction. 19,20 As a surrogate, we used multiple 2D RV measurements obtained from different echocardiographic windows. We found that all the different RV measurements we performed (TV annulus, RV diameters 1 and 2, RV length, and RVend-diastolic area) were consistently larger in the patients with EDFF.…”