Echo enabled harmonic generation free electron laser in a mode-locked configuration

Abstract

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Beam by design: Laser manipulation of electrons in modern accelerators

“…Introducing a temporally coherent seed to dominate over the shot noise can lead to better stability and a cleaner spectrum. This has been studied in (Feng et al, 2012;Henderson and McNeil, 2012) where the EEHG technique is used for generating microbunching in the electron beam, and a radiator in mode-locking configuration is used to produce a train of short pulses with excellent temporal coherence.…”

Free electron lasers using ‘beam by design’

“…At the centre of the electron pulse the beamlets split into pairs [25], i.e. two per half modulation period, while for the electron pulse higher and lower energies, formed by the modulation extrema, the beamlet pairs merge into single beamlets as seen in figures 3 and 4.…”