Echinostomes in the wild

Maldonado, Arnaldo; Lanfredi, R. M.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09577-6_6

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Echinostomiasis is a parasitic disease endemic in Asian countries and can infect humans, wildlife, and domestic animals (Maldonado and Lanfredi 2009). It is now dispersed worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The natural definitive host is the wild semi-aquatic rodent Nectomys squamipes (Maldonado et al 2001). Echinostomes have been found parasitizing livestock, such as pigs, chickens and ducks, as well as pets (Lutz 1924;Maldonado and Lanfredi 2009). The adult worms of Echinostoma have been found in the gastrointestinal tract of the definitive host (Nollen 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of praziquantel on adult Echinostoma paraensei worms in experimentally infected mice

et al. 2012

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Echinostomiasis is a food-borne intestinal, snail-mediated parasitosis caused principally by ingestion of snails infected with digenean trematodes of the Echinostoma genus. The treatment and control of trematodiasis is usually done by administration of praziquantel (PZQ). In this study, we evaluated the effect on Echinostoma paraensei of different doses of praziquantel through analysis of morphological parameters using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and confocal scanning laser microscopy along with parasitological data. We used 30 female mice aged 4 weeks. Each animal was given 40 metacercarie of E. paraensei by gavage. The animals were divided into five groups, each group containing six animals, where one group was utilized as untreated control. Two weeks after infection, the mice were given praziquantel by gavage at total dosages of 12.5, 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg by body weight. Two days after treatment, the mice were euthanized in a CO(2) chamber for recovery of helminths in the small intestine. The doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg of praziquantel eliminated all the worms. There were significant differences (p<0.05) between all the treated groups when compared to the control group. The body morphology showed contraction with vacuolization of the parenchyma, and the spine of the peristomic collar was not evident by light microscopy. The scanning electron microscopy revealed that the other doses caused retraction of spines of the peristomic collar and also the tegument spines at the body edge, as well as the development of vesicles and peeling; all these alterations were more evident at the dose of 25 mg/kg. In turn, the confocal scanning laser microscopy revealed vacuolization and disorganization of spines and vitelline glands. E. paraensei responds differently to experimental treatment with praziquantel according to the doses utilized causing morphological alteration and even worm elimination.

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“…Echinostomiasis is a parasitic disease endemic in Asian countries and can infect humans, wildlife, and domestic animals (Maldonado and Lanfredi 2009). It is now dispersed worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of praziquantel on adult Echinostoma paraensei worms in experimentally infected mice

et al. 2012

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“…(g) The intermediate host and embedded metacercariae are consumed by a mammalian or avian host where the cycle begins again (Esteban & Muñoz‐Antoli, ). Metacercariae from the Echinostomatidae family are reported as one of the most common parasites in larval amphibians (Maldonado & Lanfredi, ) and exhibit a dose‐dependent pathology (Johnson & McKenzie, ; Martin & Conn, ). In this study, we focus on the cercariae stage of the parasite as this is the stage that infects larval amphibians.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of different cold‐temperature regimes on development, growth, and susceptibility to an abiotic and biotic stressor

Wersebe

Blackwood

Guo

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Global climate change is expected to both increase average temperatures as well as temperature variability. Increased average temperatures have led to earlier breeding in many spring‐breeding organisms. However, individuals breeding earlier will also face increased temperature fluctuations, including exposure to potentially harmful cold‐temperature regimes during early developmental stages. Using a model spring‐breeding amphibian, we investigated how embryonic exposure to different cold‐temperature regimes (control, cold‐pulse, and cold‐press) affected (a) compensatory larval development and growth, (b) larval susceptibility to a common contaminant, and (c) larval susceptibility to parasites. We found: (a) no evidence of compensatory development or growth, (b) larvae exposed to the cold‐press treatment were more susceptible to NaCl at 4‐days post‐hatching but recovered by 17‐days post‐hatching, and (c) larvae exposed to both cold treatments were less susceptible to parasites. These results demonstrate that variation in cold‐temperature regimes can lead to unique direct and indirect effects on larval growth, development, and response to stressors. This underscores the importance of considering cold‐temperature variability and not just increased average temperatures when examining the impacts of climate disruption.

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“…More [19,31,42,44,[88][89][90]. The presence of E. revolutum in Brazil has been reported by various workers, including Brasil and Amato [91], as reviewed by Maldonado and Lanfredi [92]. E. barbosai was synonymized with E. echinatum by Kanev et al [33]; however, the status of E. echinatum is not recognized by other workers [10,11].…”

Section: South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-Collar-Spined Echinostoma spp.: A Historical Review

et al. 2020

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Echinostoma flukes armed with 37 collar spines on their head collar are called as 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp. (group) or ‘Echinostoma revolutum group’. At least 56 nominal species have been described in this group. However, many of them were morphologically close to and difficult to distinguish from the other, thus synonymized with the others. However, some of the synonymies were disagreed by other researchers, and taxonomic debates have been continued. Fortunately, recent development of molecular techniques, in particular, sequencing of the mitochondrial (nad1 and cox1) and nuclear genes (ITS region; ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), has enabled us to obtain highly useful data on phylogenetic relationships of these 37-collar-spined Echinostoma spp. Thus, 16 different species are currently acknowledged to be valid worldwide, which include E. revolutum, E. bolschewense, E. caproni, E. cinetorchis, E. deserticum, E. lindoense, E. luisreyi, E. mekongi, E. miyagawai, E. nasincovae, E. novaezealandense, E. paraensei, E. paraulum, E. robustum, E. trivolvis, and Echinostoma sp. IG of Georgieva et al., 2013. The validity of the other 10 species is retained until further evaluation, including molecular analyses; E. acuticauda, E. barbosai, E. chloephagae, E. echinatum, E. jurini, E. nudicaudatum, E. parvocirrus, E. pinnicaudatum, E. ralli, and E. rodriguesi. In this review, the history of discovery and taxonomic debates on these 26 valid or validity-retained species are briefly reviewed.

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Echinostomes in the wild

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Effect of praziquantel on adult Echinostoma paraensei worms in experimentally infected mice

Effect of praziquantel on adult Echinostoma paraensei worms in experimentally infected mice

The effects of different cold‐temperature regimes on development, growth, and susceptibility to an abiotic and biotic stressor

Taxonomy of Echinostoma revolutum and 37-Collar-Spined Echinostoma spp.: A Historical Review

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