Echinodome: Some approaches to the analysis of the drop-shaped tank

Ibidapo-Obe, O.; Royles, R.; Sofoluwe, A. B.

doi:10.1016/0093-6413(81)90051-3

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The echinoid test can be modelled and described as a tessellated shell structure [ 7 , 8 ]. Shell structures are geometrically defined as three-dimensional-curved solids in which thickness is much smaller than the other two dimensions.…”

Section: Investigation Of the Echinoid Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shell tessellation does exist in numerous organisms and provides a range of interesting mechanical properties at different scales (from molecular to macroscopic arrangements), such as crack propagation prevention, flexibility, and protection for biological shells and armours [4]. An outstanding example of a tessellated shell is observed in echinoids, known as sea urchins, that employ a coherent and resistant dome-shaped and tessellated shell structure (figure 1), also defined as test or echinodome [5][6][7][8]. It is composed of a series of skeletal plates joined by skeletal protrusions and collagenous sutures [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexible sutures reduce bending moments in shells: from the echinoid test to tessellated shell structures

et al. 2022

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In the field of structural engineering, lightweight and resistant shell structures can be designed by efficiently integrating and optimizing form, structure and function to achieve the capability to sustain a variety of loading conditions with a reduced use of resources. Interestingly, a limitless variety of high-performance shell structures can be found in nature. Their study can lead to the acquisition of new functional solutions that can be employed to design innovative bioinspired constructions. In this framework, the present study aimed to illustrate the main results obtained in the mechanical analysis of the echinoid test in the common sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) and to employ its principles to design lightweight shell structures. For this purpose, visual survey, photogrammetry, three-dimensional modelling, three-point bending tests and finite-element modelling were used to interpret the mechanical behaviour of the tessellated structure that characterize the echinoid test. The results achieved demonstrated that this structural topology, consisting of rigid plates joined by flexible sutures, allows for a significant reduction of bending moments. This strategy was generalized and applied to design both free-form and form-found shell structures for architecture exhibiting improved structural efficiency.

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Section: Investigation Of the Echinoid Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible sutures reduce bending moments in shells: from the echinoid test to tessellated shell structures

et al. 2022

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“…Echinoids have a long history as inspiring models for engineering structures. This interest has recently increased, in particular regarding rotationally symmetrical constructions, defined as echinodomes [314,315]. Detailed analyses of these structures including their mechanical advantages and limits have been technically described and generally well understood.…”

Section: Engineering and Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Constructional design of echinoid endoskeleton: main structural components and their potential for biomimetic applications

et al. 2020

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The endoskeleton of echinoderms (Deuterostomia: Echinodermata) is of mesodermal origin and consists of cells, organic components, as well as an inorganic mineral matrix. The echinoderm skeleton forms a complex lattice-system, which represents a model structure for naturally inspired engineering in terms of construction, mechanical behaviour and functional design. The sea urchin (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) endoskeleton consists of three main structural components: test, dental apparatus and accessory appendages. Although, all parts of the echinoid skeleton consist of the same basic material, their microstructure displays a great potential in meeting several mechanical needs according to a direct and clear structure–function relationship. This versatility has allowed the echinoid skeleton to adapt to different activities such as structural support, defence, feeding, burrowing and cleaning. Although, constrained by energy and resource efficiency, many of the structures found in the echinoid skeleton are optimized in terms of functional performances. Therefore, these structures can be used as role models for bio-inspired solutions in various industrial sectors such as building constructions, robotics, biomedical and material engineering. The present review provides an overview of previous mechanical and biomimetic research on the echinoid endoskeleton, describing the current state of knowledge and providing a reference for future studies.

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“…feeding on organic particles in sediments and living buried in the seabed). The particular domeshaped and tessellated test of the regular echinoids has attracted the attention of researchers from different fields of science [1,[4][5][6][7]. The test has a mesodermal origin and, with the exception of the imbricate-plated tests of the Palaeozoic species, diadematoids and echinothurioids, it is composed of a series of calcitic skeletal plates joined by skeletal interlocks and collagenous sutures (sutural collagen fibres) [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinoid skeleton: an insight on the species-specific pattern of the Paracentrotus lividus plate and its microstructural variability

Perricone

Cesarano

Mancosu

et al. 2023

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The skeletal plates of echinoids consist of a peculiar lightweight structure, called stereom, which is organized in a porous three-dimensional lattice-like meshwork. The stereom is characterized by an extremely complex and diverse microarchitecture, largely varying not only from species to species but also among different test plates. It consists of different basic types combined in extremely different ways according to specific functional needs, creating species-specific structural patterns. These patterns can lead to specific mechanical behaviours, which can inspire biomimetic technology and design development. In this framework, the present study aimed to characterize the species-specific pattern of the Paracentrotus lividus interambulacral plate and the main microstructural features regarding its geometrical variability and mechanical responses. The results achieved quantitatively highlighted the differences between the analysed stereom types providing new insights regarding their topological configuration and isotropic and anisotropic behaviour. Interestingly, data also revealed that the galleried stereom present at the tubercle is significantly different from the one located at the suture. These analyses and findings are encouraging and provide a starting point for future research to unravel the wide range of mechanical strategies evolved in the echinoid skeletal structure.

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Echinodome: Some approaches to the analysis of the drop-shaped tank

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Flexible sutures reduce bending moments in shells: from the echinoid test to tessellated shell structures

Flexible sutures reduce bending moments in shells: from the echinoid test to tessellated shell structures

Constructional design of echinoid endoskeleton: main structural components and their potential for biomimetic applications

Echinoid skeleton: an insight on the species-specific pattern of the Paracentrotus lividus plate and its microstructural variability

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