Echinococcus multilocularis detection in the intestines and feces of free-ranging domestic cats (Felis s. catus) and European wildcats (Felis s. silvestris) from northeastern France

Umhang, Gérald; Forin-Wiart, Marie-Amélie; Hormaz, Vanessa; Caillot, Christophe; Boucher, Jean-Marc; Boué, Franck

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.06.006

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Unlike cats, in which infection is very limited , Thompson et al 2006, Umhang et al 2015, the dog is an adequate host for the development of the mature forms of E. multilocularis: the time and intensity of the excretion of tapeworm eggs by infected dogs were comparable to the results obtained for foxes and raccoon dogs .…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

Karamon¹,

Samorek-Pieróg²,

Kochanowski³

et al. 2016

FOLIA PARASIT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The aim of the investigation was to estimate the epizootic situation concerning infection by the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis Leuckart, 1863 in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus) from a Polish region where this parasite is highly prevalent in red foxes. Faecal samples (n = 148) were collected from rural dogs in Podkarpackie Province. Samples were examined through nested PCR (for E. multilocularis), multiplex PCR (E. multilocularis, species of Taenia Linnaeus, 1758) and PCR [E. granulosus (Batsch, 1786)]. Specific products were sequenced. Faeces were also examined coproscopically. In samples from two dogs (1.4%), there were positive PCR results for E. multilocularis. Taenia-specific PCR products were found in nine dogs (6.1%). Sequencing identified Taenia serialis (Gervais, 1847), T. hydatigena Pallas, 1766, T. pisiformis (Bloch, 1780) and Hydatigera taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1786). One sample (0.7%) was identified as Mesocestoides litteratus (Batsch, 1786). All samples were negative for E. granulosus with PCR. Taking into account coproscopic and PCR results, 28% of dogs were infected with helminths (8% with tapeworms). It should be stressed that one of the infected with E. multilocularis dogs shed eggs of the Taenia type and had a habit of preying on rodents. This investigation revealed the presence of E. multilocularis in dogs for the first time in Poland.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 75%

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

Karamon¹,

Samorek-Pieróg²,

Kochanowski³

et al. 2016

FOLIA PARASIT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Because this is an independent target, it could be implemented in other studies for working on environmental samples with qPCR technology. A similar internal amplification control, obtained by artificial construction but amplified with the same primers as those for the targeted DNA, was also used to obtain a comparable amplification efficacy (29) and to diagnose E. multilocularis in feces (8). In the present study, we chose a random sequence as an internal control in order to check independently for the presence of inhibitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the amplification curves obtained during qPCR were used as controls before sequencing of high-quality PCR products. Alternatively, pyrosequencing was used by Umhang and coworkers to confirm the presence of E. multilocularis in feces (8). Another target was amplified with this technique to avoid problems of contamination by previous qPCR products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These helminth parasites are both found in at least one wild carnivore (red fox) and two domestic carnivore (dog and cat) host species. While E. multilocularis is a common tapeworm of the red fox, low parasite prevalences have often been described for European domestic host species (cat and dog) (6)(7)(8). E. multilocularis eggs are highly resistant to environments with low temperatures and high percentages of relative humidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of a Real-Time PCR for a Sensitive One-Step Coprodiagnosis Allowing both the Identification of Carnivore Feces and the Detection of Toxocara spp. and Echinococcus multilocularis

Knapp

Umhang

Poulle

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

dStudying the environmental occurrence of parasites of concern for humans and animals based on coprosamples is an expanding field of work in epidemiology and the ecology of health. Detecting and quantifying Toxocara spp. and Echinococcus multilocularis, two predominant zoonotic helminths circulating in European carnivores, in feces may help to better target measures for prevention. A rapid, sensitive, and one-step quantitative PCR (qPCR) allowing detection of E. multilocularis and Toxocara spp. was developed in the present study, combined with a host fecal test based on the identification of three carnivores (red fox, dog, and cat) involved in the life cycles of these parasites. A total of 68 coprosamples were collected from identified specimens from Vulpes vulpes, Canis lupus familiaris, Canis lupus, Felis silvestris catus, Meles meles, Martes foina, and Martes martes. With DNA coprosamples, real-time PCR was performed in duplex with a qPCR inhibitor control specifically designed for this study. All the coprosample host identifications were confirmed by qPCR combined with sequencing, and parasites were detected and confirmed (E. multilocularis in red foxes and Toxocara cati in cats; 16% of samples presented inhibition). By combining parasite detection and quantification, the host fecal test, and a new qPCR inhibitor control, we created a technique with a high sensitivity that may considerably improve environmental studies of pathogens. For detection of infectious agents in the environment, which involves both wild and domestic animals, coprosamples are noninvasive and valuable isolates, as opposed to necropsy, which is time-consuming, logistically onerous, and often considered unethical by the public. In this field of work, Echinococcus multilocularis is the causative agent of alveolar echinococcosis, one of the most worrying zoonoses in the Northern Hemisphere (1), and is in constant progression (2-4). Toxocara spp. are the causative agents of toxocariasis, a widespread disease that is still described in known areas of endemicity despite relevant anthelminthic programs (5). Both E. multilocularis and Toxocara spp. are zoonotic agents involved in a fecal-oral transmission cycle from carnivores to humans, with no vectors or intermediate actors (5). These helminth parasites are both found in at least one wild carnivore (red fox) and two domestic carnivore (dog and cat) host species. While E. multilocularis is a common tapeworm of the red fox, low parasite prevalences have often been described for European domestic host species (cat and dog) (6-8). E. multilocularis eggs are highly resistant to environments with low temperatures and high percentages of relative humidity. Under controlled laboratory conditions, the eggs were found to survive in water for 478 days at 4°C. Under these experimental conditions, eggs remained infectious for rodents (9). Carnivores become infected after predation of contaminated rodents and release eggs into the environment via their feces. Alveolar echinococcosis in humans remains a let...

show abstract

“…was undertaken by real-time PCR (qPCR) as previously described [14, 15]. The two qPCRs were performed as one multiplex reaction, also including detection of an internal control [32]. However, a different probe was used to specifically identify each source of DNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A flotation/sieving method to detectEchinococcus multilocularisandToxocaraspp. eggs in soil by real-time PCR

Umhang

Bastien²,

Renault³

et al. 2017

Parasite

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soil can be a source of human infection by many zoonotic helminth species including Echinococcus multilocularis and Toxocara spp. The prevention of alveolar echinococcosis could be greatly improved through the identification of at-risk areas. Yet very few data are available about the detection of E. multilocularis in soil, while more studies have been reported for Toxocara spp. Identification of soil contamination by E. multilocularis eggs requires the use of specific methods. This study describes the development of a method for the detection of E. multilocularis in soil samples with the concentration of eggs using a flotation/sieving method and detection by duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Toxocara spp. egg detection was also undertaken due to the widespread presence of this parasite in soil, despite it being considered less pathogenic. Method sensitivity of 100% was reached for the detection of 10 E. multilocularis eggs spiked in 10 g of soil. Concerning Toxocara spp., method sensitivity was lower but assumed to be due to the reduced effectiveness of the DNA extraction protocol. The parasitological status for E. multilocularis and Toxocara spp. of 63 carnivore fecal samples collected in highly endemic rural areas of France and of soil samples collected under and near these fecal samples was compared. The contamination of soil samples collected under positive fecal samples for E. multilocularis (n = 3) or Toxocara spp. (n = 19) confirmed the transfer of eggs from the definitive host to the environment.

show abstract

Echinococcus multilocularis detection in the intestines and feces of free-ranging domestic cats (Felis s. catus) and European wildcats (Felis s. silvestris) from northeastern France

Cited by 30 publications

References 42 publications

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs in a highly endemic area of Poland

Development of a Real-Time PCR for a Sensitive One-Step Coprodiagnosis Allowing both the Identification of Carnivore Feces and the Detection of Toxocara spp. and Echinococcus multilocularis

A flotation/sieving method to detectEchinococcus multilocularisandToxocaraspp. eggs in soil by real-time PCR

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About