Echinococcus granulosus (sensu stricto) (G1, G3) and E. ortleppi (G5) in Pakistan: phylogeny, genetic diversity and population structural analysis based on mitochondrial DNA

Alvi, Mughees Aizaz; Ohiolei, John Asekhaen; Saqib, Muhammad; Li, Li; Tayyab, Muhammad; Alvi, Anum Aizaz; Wu, Yan-Tao; Fu, Bao‐Quan; Yan, Hong‐Bin; Jia, Wan‐Zhong

doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04199-8

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In this study, 75% (3/4) of hydatid cysts found in camels with G5 genotype were fertile, whereas G5 in goats and cattle were infertile. The result concerning the G5 genotype showing no fertility in cattle agrees with the study conducted in Pakistan [81]. However, Monteiro et al [82] reported the frequency of 43.4% G5 genotype for fertile cysts in the lung of cattle in Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from domestic animals in Central Iran

et al. 2022

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Background The species complex of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) causes cystic echinococcosis distributed worldwide. There is no genotype information from hydatid cysts in the intermediate hosts in Central Iran. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the hydatid cysts in livestock slaughtered in an abattoir in this region. Six hundred fifty-seven hydatid cysts were isolated from 97 animals, including sheep, cattle, camels, and goats slaughtered in Yazd abattoir from September 2018 to January 2020. The demographic data was collected as well as cyst location, fertility, and viability. Out of 657 samples, 164 samples were genotyped. Then, phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGAX. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS version 16.0 by chi-square with a significant difference of less than 0.05. Results Out of 164 samples, the G1-G3 complex genotype had the most frequency in samples, with 135 cases recognized. The G6/G7 was observed in 19 isolates and G5 was reported in nine samples. One sample was detected as Taenia hydatigena. Conclusions This study showed that G1-G3 and G6/G7 genotypes were presented in all animals, but G5 was reported only in cattle, goats, and camels. It is the first molecular identification of cystic echinococcosis in Central Iran. Hence, reporting G5 in livestock in this area should be considered due to transmission to humans.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from domestic animals in Central Iran

et al. 2022

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“…The nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank™ database under the following accession numbers: MZ322608—MZ322609. To estimate the phylogenetic position of the Polish isolate, homologous mitochondrial DNA sequences described earlier [ 8 , 29 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 52 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ] were retrieved from GenBank and used in the analyses (GenBank accession numbers were presented in Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The First Record of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) Tapeworms in Grey Wolf (Canis lupus)

et al. 2021

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The aim of this study is to confirm the presence and molecular identification of Echinococcus tapeworms in wolves from south-eastern Poland. An investigation was carried out on the intestines of 13 wolves from south-eastern Poland. The small intestines were divided into three equal segments. Each segment was separately examined using the sedimentation and counting technique (SCT). The detected Echinococcus tapeworms were isolated and identified by PCRs and sequencing (nad1 and cox1 genes). Additionally, DNA isolated from the feces of wolves positive for Echinococcus tapeworms was examined with two diagnostic PCRs. The intestines of one wolf were positive for E. granulosus s.l. when assessed by SCT; the intestine was from a six-year-old male wolf killed in a communication accident. We detected 61 adult tapeworms: 42 in the anterior, 14 in the middle, and 5 in the posterior parts of the small intestine. The PCRs conducted for cox1 and nad1 produced specific products. A sequence comparison with the GenBank database showed similarity to the deposited E. ortleppi (G5) sequences. An analysis of the available phylogenetic sequences showed very little variation within the species of E. ortleppi (G5), and identity ranged from 99.10% to 100.00% in the case of cox1 and from 99.04 to 100.00% in the case of nad1. One of the two diagnostic PCRs used and performed on the feces of Echinococcus-positive animals showed product specific for E. granulosus. This study showed the presence of adult E. ortleppi tapeworms in wolves for the first time.

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“…Parasites are capable of causing an acute, chronic, and debilitating type of diseases (3)(4)(5)(6). In nature, parasitic protozoa may be found almost everywhere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of foodborne Toxoplasma gondii with a special focus on its prevalence in Pakistan from 2000 to 2022

Qamar

Alsayeqh

2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Third-world countries have a higher prevalence of food-related disorders than developed nations. Millions of people in underdeveloped countries are seriously at risk from the potential water supply contamination with protozoan diseases. Toxoplasma gondii is one of the important protozoans causing diseases in livestock and humans. Despite the standard tests for diagnosing this parasite and different treatment methods, the spread of these parasites is uncontrollable and rising every year due to other management disorders. In this review, we summarize etiopathogenesis and prevalence in Pakistan. We looked for papers reporting the seroprevalence of T. gondii in people and animals between 2000 and 2022 in different databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. Data on the seroprevalence of T. gondii in Pakistan's domestic animals (sheep and goats, horses, donkeys, mules, cattle, and buffaloes), domestic pets (cats and dogs), poultry and rodents, and humans were gathered. According to the findings, sheep had an estimated pooled seroprevalence of T. gondii that varied from 11.20 to 26.50 %, and goats from 24.50 to 38.40%. Whereas in buffalo the opposite trend was followed, and the prevalence was observed is 0% in 2022, in horses, donkeys, and mules, only one study was reported according to which a high prevalence was observed in mules (28.60%) followed by donkeys (23.50%) and horses (23.50%), in cats 38.5% prevalence was observed in a recent study and in dogs 28.43% observed, and in humans from 22 to 60%. Human beings are found to be the most affected species showing high prevalence among all. According to our findings, animals and pets not only serve as a reservoir for the parasite but also serve as a direct route for human infection with T. gondii. The diagnostic techniques used in the observed studies were mostly serological testing whereas only a few studies have only been observed with molecular testing. To know the exact pattern of the disease for its control, the trend of molecular and advanced testing should be adopted as it is more reliable. Moreover, to decrease the transmission chances of T. gondii to humans, it is crucial to manage T. gondii infections in non-human species.

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Echinococcus granulosus (sensu stricto) (G1, G3) and E. ortleppi (G5) in Pakistan: phylogeny, genetic diversity and population structural analysis based on mitochondrial DNA

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from domestic animals in Central Iran

Occurrence and genetic characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from domestic animals in Central Iran

The First Record of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5) Tapeworms in Grey Wolf (Canis lupus)

A review of foodborne Toxoplasma gondii with a special focus on its prevalence in Pakistan from 2000 to 2022

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