Echinococcosis: Recent Advancements in OMIC Technologies

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE), two severe zoonotic tapeworm infections caused by Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and Echinococcus multilocularis, respectively, are referred to as echinococcosis (McManus et al. 2012). The yearly occurrence of CE varies from 1 to 200 / 100,000 people in endemic regions, whereas the incidence of AE varies between 0.03 to 1.2 / 100,000 people (Schweiger et al. 2007). Ninety percent of AE patients who receive no treatment or insufficient treatment die within 10 to 15 years after their diagnosis (Budke et al. 2013). Although the CE fatality rate (2% to 4%) is less it might rise significantly in cases of insufficient care management. Echinococcosis is one of the 17 neglected illnesses that the World Health Organization (WHO) hopes to manage or eradicate by 2050. While CE is more prevalent and has a cosmopolitan distribution, several countries have claimed it to be eliminated (Craig and Larrieu 2006;Craig et al. 2007). Still, the disease is distributed all over the world with high prevalence in Asian, American, and African countries as given