Echinococcal Hydatid Cyst at the Right Ventricle Outlet With Leakage to the Pulmonary Artery Outflow Causing Follicular Airway Disease and Sudden Death

Abstract

Postmortem examination of a 35-year-old parous woman who died suddenly revealed a hydatid cyst mass located at the right ventricular outlet, with a grossly discernible defect opening to the pulmonary outflow tract. Pulmonary hemorrhage, follicular bronchitis, and bronchiolitis also were present, with severe acute purulent exudation in the airways. Hydatid cyst complications must be kept in mind when dealing with sudden deterioration and death in patients who are residents of regions where echinococcosis is endemic.

Hydatid cyst in the right ventricular outflow tract: Successful surgical outcome of a rare entity

“…There is an isolated case report of right ventricular outflow tract hydatid cyst found at autopsy following sudden death 6 .…”

Hydatid cysts in muscle: a modified percutaneous treatment approach

“…The liver and lungs act as natural mechanical filters for oncospheres following penetration of intestinal mucosa, thus making it quite difficult for them to reach musculoskeletal tissue. The proportion of hydatid disease localized in muscle has been reported at 3-5%, occurring in various anatomic regions including the thigh, 2 quadriceps femoris, 13 biceps femoris, 14 psoas, 15 diaphragm, 16 triceps, 16 myocardium, 17 right ventricular outlet, 18 and extra-ocular muscles. 19 It is believed that local production of lactic acid and mechanical factors such as contractile activity tend to inhibit the embryo from settling in muscle.…”

Can the Requirement of a Diversion Procedure Be Predicted after an Uncomplicated Intracranial Hydatid Cyst Surgery?

“…The intracystic pressure normally prevents the detachment of the germinative membrane from the cyst wall. A detached germinative membrane implies a cyst wall rupture with resultant low intracystic pressure or leakage of intracystic fluid without an anatomical break down [8,9,10]. The thick layer surrounding the hydatid cyst called ‘pericyst’ encountered during surgery can be evaluated as the response of the host to this pathological process [7].…”