Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Review of the Literature

Tsiogka, Aikaterini; Koumaki, Dimitra; Kyriazopoulou, Maria; Liopyris, Konstantinos; Stratigos, Alexander; Gregoriou, Stamatis

doi:10.3390/diagnostics13081431

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…While chemotherapy- and immunotherapy-based regimens have been discussed in the literature [ 16 ], the evidence for use of anti-oestrogen therapy has not been as widely interrogated. Our case report and review of the literature highlight the potential benefit of anti-oestrogen therapy; however, it is apparent that there may be underreporting of negative outcomes with anti-oestrogen therapy, resulting in an inherent publication bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oestrogen Receptor Positive Metastatic Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Anti-Oestrogen Therapy in Rare Cancers

Kalakonda,

Mahajan,

Chow

et al. 2024

Case Rep Oncol

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Introduction: Rare cancers, in aggregate, represent a significant burden of disease in oncology and remain therapeutically challenging to manage due to a lack of clinical trials. Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare cutaneous sweat-gland malignancy for which there remains no standard approach to metastatic disease. Case Presentation: We describe a patient diagnosed with metastatic disease, confirmed on bone biopsy; pathological analysis further revealed this was oestrogen receptor positive. She was commenced on the aromatase inhibitor letrozole, and denosumab, and showed a significant clinical and radiological response on bone scan within 7 months. At the time of report, over 2 years since commencing letrozole, she remains well with no evidence of progression. Conclusion: Our experience adds to the literature suggesting anti-oestrogen therapy can have significant benefit in patients with ER-positive non-breast cancer and is in keeping with increasing interest in therapies agnostic to site of origin but guided by expression/mutation of oncogenic drivers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oestrogen Receptor Positive Metastatic Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Anti-Oestrogen Therapy in Rare Cancers

Kalakonda,

Mahajan,

Chow

et al. 2024

Case Rep Oncol

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“…The mean period between tumour development and diagnosis is 5 to 9 years [8]. Some articles report a prolonged period of inactivity of a prior lesion, followed by a sudden rapid growth.…”

Section: Of 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tumour presents as an erythematous violaceous nodular lesion with or without ulceration, bleeding, or crusted scabs [8], which are nonspecific and commonly encountered features in malignant skin tumours. Furthermore, EPCs are usually well tolerated by patients until the bleeding or intolerable size causes difficulties.…”

Section: Of 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Navigating Head and Neck Porocarcinoma: Systematic Review with Special Emphasis on Surgical Safety Margins

Kučinskaitė,

Ulianskaitė,

Pamedys

et al. 2024

Cancers

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Eccrine porocarcinoma, sharing many features with other skin tumours, is diagnostically challenging. A conventional biopsy might be misleading and surgical excision becomes a primary diagnostic tool and a treatment method. However, the data on surgical safety margins are not consistent. We present a systematic review analysing the surgical margins of porocarcinoma in the head and neck area, which was conducted across the PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases including studies published from inception to November of 2023. In this systematic review, the PRISMA-ScR checklist was used, and a Cohen’s Kappa coefficient of 0.92 was applied, indicating very good agreement between reviewers. Out of 529 identified articles, 18 studies yielding 20 cases in total were selected for a thorough analysis. Nine (45%) cases were observed in the facial regions, eight (40%) on the scalp, and three (5%) on the neck. The primary treatment of choice was wide local excision with safety margins ranging from 3 to 22 mm (mean: 10.1). It demonstrated that surgical margins do not differ by age or anatomic regions, with the main point of reference being the tumour size. As observed, the bigger the tumour, the wider the safety margins were. However, the limited disclosure of surgical safety margins in analysed case reports impeded our ability to define the minimum safety margins. Further investigation and a consensus on recommended safety margins are required.

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“…It is worth noting that EC is a rare tumor and is often misdiagnosed due to its relatively low incidence. By utilizing both ultrasound and MR imaging, a more accurate diagnosis of EC can be made, leading to more targeted and effective treatment [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Eccrine Carcinoma Demonstrating Intracranial Invasion in a Patient With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Dossani,

Irshad,

Ibrahim

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Eccrine carcinoma (EC) is a rare intraepidermal carcinoma of the eccrine sweat glands. Even more rare are instances of EC exhibiting intracranial invasion. Here, we describe the case of a metachronous EC mass demonstrating intracranial invasion in a patient with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), reporting CT head findings of a left frontal skull expansile destructive mass with soft tissue density and immunostain findings of the following: CEA: positive, granular, EMA: positive, AE1/AE3: positive, CK7: strongly positive, CK20: negative, GCDFP: negative, and HEPAR: negative. The only recommended treatment for EC is surgical excision with tumor-free margins, and no chemotherapy protocols currently exist. Due to socioeconomic factors, our patient was unable to receive adequate treatment for her HCC, nor surgical excision for her EC. However, the unique presentation of a rare intracranial EC tumor causing no neurological deficits in a patient with untreated HCC merits the need for a more thorough identification of secondary tumors via biopsy in patients with HCC to identify possible associations between these two tumors in future patients.

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Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Review of the Literature

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Oestrogen Receptor Positive Metastatic Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Anti-Oestrogen Therapy in Rare Cancers

Oestrogen Receptor Positive Metastatic Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review of Anti-Oestrogen Therapy in Rare Cancers

Navigating Head and Neck Porocarcinoma: Systematic Review with Special Emphasis on Surgical Safety Margins

A Rare Case of Eccrine Carcinoma Demonstrating Intracranial Invasion in a Patient With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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