EBSD analysis of strain distribution and evolution in ferritic-Pearlitic steel under cyclic deformation at intermediate temperature

Zhang, Shutong; Romo, Sebastian; Leão, Pablo Bruno Paiva; Ramírez, Antonio J.

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112293

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…It is used to evaluate the degree of local deformation and dislocation density. [ 36 ] The deformation energy is high in the steel specimens due to higher dislocation density. Thus, The KAM maps can intuitively suggest the deformation energy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Modeling for Flow Stress and Processing Maps of a 0.2C–2.0Mn–0.5Cr Microalloyed Steel

Feng,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Low‐carbon microalloyed steel with the microstructure of bainite is frequently utilized to produce automotive parts. The systematic investigation of the hot deformation behavior can serve as a reference for the optimization of deformation process parameters. The hot deformation of 0.2C–2.0Mn–0.5Cr microalloyed steel is studied. Based on the stress–strain curve, an Arrhenius model with strain compensation is established. The correlation coefficient R2 and the average absolute relative error calculated according to this model are 0.962 and 4.871%. The microstructure evolution at the strain of 0.90 is studied. In the stable region with substantial power dissipation, the microstructure is uniformly fine. The strain rate is high in the stable region with low‐power dissipation, and the room‐temperature microstructure after deformation retains a large amount of deformation storage energy and fine substructures. During deformation, the banded structures are formed in the instable region. The difference in dislocation density between the band structure and the nearby regions promotes the formation of necklace microstructures. Therefore, the 0.2C–2.0Mn–0.5Cr microalloyed steel has an ideal deformation process window in the range of a hot deformation temperature of 880–920 °C and a strain rate of 0.1–0.3 s−1.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constitutive Modeling for Flow Stress and Processing Maps of a 0.2C–2.0Mn–0.5Cr Microalloyed Steel

Feng,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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“…The pearlite and ferrite shrink differently (different coefficients of thermal expansion) during the cooling process of normalizing. This led to a certain degree of strain within or around the pearlite structure, thus resulting in localized stress concentrations around or within the pearlite crystals [30]. The degree of strain within the pearlite crystals and in the matrix was measured using the kernel average misorientation (KAM) images, as shown in Figure 13.…”

Section: Effects Of Normalizing Temperature On Impact Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The belt phase was further weakened as the normalizing temperature increased to 950 °C and the matrix stress became more uniformly distributed. Cracks were easily generated in the stress zone of the sample that was normalized at 850 °C, owing to the existence of a continuous stress zone [30]. Therefore, micro-crack initiation in these samples required lower energy in comparison to the samples prepared at It was observed that in the samples prepared at different normalizing temperatures, strain mainly built up at the pearlite or at the pearlite-ferrite interface.…”

Section: Effects Of Normalizing Temperature On Impact Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cracks were easily generated in the stress zone of the sample that was normalized at 850 • C, owing to the existence of a continuous stress zone [30]. Therefore, micro-crack initiation in these samples required lower energy in comparison to the samples prepared at normalizing temperatures of 900 • C and 950 • C.…”

Section: Effects Of Normalizing Temperature On Impact Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Normalizing Temperature on Microstructure and Impact Toughness of V-N Micro-Alloyed P460NL1 Steel

Li,

Fan,

Wang

et al. 2023

Materials

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In this work, the influence of normalizing temperature on vanadium micro-alloyed P460NL1 steel is studied in terms of microstructures and impact toughness. With the normalizing temperature increased from 850 °C to 950 °C, the V(C,N) particles are dissolved. The dissolution of V(C,N) particles leads to a reduction in their ability to pin the primitive austenite grain boundaries, resulting in the coarsening of the primitive austenite grain. Simultaneously, the number of precipitated particles promoting ferrite nucleation decreased. The combination of these two effects led to the coarsening of ferrite grains in the steel samples. Of note, in the sample normalized at a temperature of 850 °C, the ferrite and pearlite crystals clearly exhibited banded structures. As the normalizing temperature increased, the ferrite–pearlite belt phase weakened. The highly distributed belt phase resulted in poor impact toughness of the steel sample normalized at 850 °C. The belt phase was improved at a normalizing temperature of 900 °C. In addition to that, the microstructure did not undergo significant coarsening at this normalizing temperature, thereby allowing it to achieve the highest toughness among all samples that were prepared for this study. The belt phase almost vanished at the normalizing temperature of 950 °C. However, microstructure coarsening occurred at this temperature, resulting in the deterioration of impact toughness.

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“…The crack initiation and crack propagation of the 36N and 165N samples are shown in Figure 14a,c, where cracks develop near pearlite due to the presence of stress inside or around the pearlite structure. Under the action of an impact load, the uncoordinated deformation of pearlite and the surrounding matrix microstructure further aggravate the stress concentration inside or around the pearlite structure [25,27]. According to fracture theory, crack initiation occurs when the local stress concentration exceeds the critical stress.…”

Section: Impact Toughness Of Steel Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of N Content on the Microstructure and Impact Properties of Normalized Vanadium Micro-Alloyed P460NL1 Steel

Li,

Fan,

Wang

et al. 2023

Metals

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In this work, the effect of nitrogen doping on vanadium micro-alloyed P460NL1 steel is studied in terms of microstructures and impact toughness. As the nitrogen content increased from 0.0036% to 0.0165%, the number of V (C,N) particles increased. The fine precipitates of V (C,N) effectively pin the prior austenite grain boundary, resulting in the refinement of the austenite grain. The intragranular and intergranular V-containing coarse particles enhanced the nucleation of intragranular ferrite and the grain boundaries of polygonal ferrite during air cooling. Accordingly, the proportion of heterogeneously nucleated ferrite increased, and the grain size of ferrite decreased. Notably, the size of the pearlite microstructure decreased, and the bainite microstructure appeared with a high doping of N. With the increase in N content, the impact toughness of vanadium micro-alloyed P460NL1 steel was enhanced. This can be attributed to the refinement of ferrite and the reduction in pearlite, which, in turn, was ascribed to the increase in nitrogen.

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EBSD analysis of strain distribution and evolution in ferritic-Pearlitic steel under cyclic deformation at intermediate temperature

Cited by 13 publications

References 72 publications

Constitutive Modeling for Flow Stress and Processing Maps of a 0.2C–2.0Mn–0.5Cr Microalloyed Steel

Constitutive Modeling for Flow Stress and Processing Maps of a 0.2C–2.0Mn–0.5Cr Microalloyed Steel

Effects of Normalizing Temperature on Microstructure and Impact Toughness of V-N Micro-Alloyed P460NL1 Steel

Effect of N Content on the Microstructure and Impact Properties of Normalized Vanadium Micro-Alloyed P460NL1 Steel

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