Eating Their Feelings: Examining Emotional Eating in At-Risk Groups in the United States

Kemp, Elyria; Bui, My; Grier, Sonya A.

doi:10.1007/s10603-010-9149-y

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…These kinds of suggestions could be used to overcome emotional eating, which was a fairly common stumbling block. A lot of needless eating in today’s society is caused by emotional needs that cannot be fulfilled, and some people use food instead to fill the emotional void or to fight their tiredness or stress [37]. Indeed, depression and obesity have been shown to have a reciprocal link [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindless Eating Challenge: Retention, Weight Outcomes, and Barriers for Changes in a Public Web-Based Healthy Eating and Weight Loss Program

Kaipainen¹,

Payne²,

Wansink³

2012

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundMost dietary programs fail to produce lasting outcomes because participants soon return to their old habits. Small behavioral and environmental changes based on simple heuristics may have the best chance to lead to sustainable habit changes over time. ObjectiveTo evaluate participant retention, weight outcomes, and barriers for changes in a publicly available web-based healthy eating and weight loss program.MethodsThe National Mindless Eating Challenge (NMEC) was a publicly available, online healthy eating and weight loss program with ongoing recruitment of participants. This volunteer sample consisted of 2053 participants (mean age 39.8 years, 89% female, 90% white/Caucasian, BMI mean 28.14). Participants completed an initial profiling survey and were assigned three targeted habit change suggestions (tips). After each month, participants were asked to complete a follow-up survey and then receive new suggestions for the subsequent month.ResultsIn terms of overall attrition, 75% (1549/2053) of participants who completed the intake survey never returned to follow up. Overall mean weight loss among returning participants was 0.4% of initial weight (P=.019). Participants who stayed in the program at least three calendar months and completed at least two follow-up surveys (38%, 189/504) lost on average 1.8 lbs (1.0%) of their initial weight over the course of the program (P=.009). Furthermore, participants who reported consistent adherence (25+ days/month) to the suggested changes reported an average monthly weight loss of 2.0 lbs (P<.001). Weight loss was less for those who discontinued after 1-2 months or who did not adhere to the suggested changes. Participants who reported having lost weight reported higher monthly adherence to suggestions (mean 14.9 days, SD 7.92) than participants who maintained (mean 12.4 days, SD 7.63) or gained weight (mean 12.0 days, SD 7.50; F=14.17, P<.001). Common reported barriers for changes included personally unsuitable or inapplicable suggestions, forgetting or being too busy to implement changes, unusual circumstances, and emotional eating.ConclusionsBecause the bulk of the free and commercially available online diet and nutritional tools conduct no evaluation research, it is difficult to determine which aspects of a program are successful and what are reasonable expectations of results. The results of this study suggest that online interventions based on small changes have the potential to gradually lead to clinically significant weight loss, but high attrition from publically available or “free” programs still remains a challenge. Adherence to and effectiveness of small habit changes may be improved through further tailoring to individual circumstances and psychological needs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindless Eating Challenge: Retention, Weight Outcomes, and Barriers for Changes in a Public Web-Based Healthy Eating and Weight Loss Program

Kaipainen¹,

Payne²,

Wansink³

2012

J Med Internet Res

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“…Emotional eating, or eating to cope with a negative emotion, has been linked as a common trigger initiating these periods of overeating. Emotional overeating is seen more often in females than in males; perhaps a result of the greater intensity of expressed emotions by females [10,15] . Females also report higher levels of body size dissatisfaction than males, which is reflected as social physique anxiety, stemming from commonly accepted social norms.…”

Section: Gender and Racial Differences In Emotional Eating Food Addimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers are now suggesting that excessive consumption of food which may lead to weight gain could be characterized as an addiction. Certain foods, especially those high in sugar, salt and fat, have shown higher addictive qualities than others [9,10] . Neural activation which occurs in addictive-type eating behavior is similar to that of substance dependence [11] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and Racial Differences in Emotional Eating, Food Addiction Symptoms, and Body Weight Satisfaction among Undergraduates

Thompson¹,

Romeo²,

Internationals³

2015

JDO

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Research is sparse regarding gender and racial differences in food addiction symptoms and the influence of emotions and social situations on overeating. This study examined undergraduates' internal and external triggers on the decision to overeat and also food dependence scores using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. A paper-pencil survey was distributed to a convenience sample of 301 undergraduates. Participants (n = 284) were mostly female (70.42%) and race was reported as White (77.82%) and African American (22.18%). The General Linear Model Analysis of Variance was used to adjust for gender, race, and Body Mass Index [BMI]. For total food addiction symptom scores, significant differences were found by race with African Americans having higher scores (i.e.: more food dependence) (M = 2.36) than Whites (M = 1.90, p < .05). Gender was significant for body size satisfaction as females reported less satisfaction (M = 2.40) than males (M = -.097, p < .001). Females were more likely to report depression (Male: M =1.36; Female: M = 1.75, p < .05), stress (Male: M = 1.59, Female: M = 2.18, p < .001) and anxiety (Male: M = 1.40; Female: M = 1.75, p < .05) influenced overeating compared to males. Understanding gender, racial, social, and emotional cues that influence overeating may play an important role in the prevention and treatment of excessive food consumption.

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“…Due to both initiatives of seeking better understanding consumers' consumption decision-making in order to alleviate the social issues attributed to the escalation of obesity (Kemp et al, 2011) and consumer confusion since the implementation of various forms of FOP labels in the market -as FOP nutrition labels are intended to help consumers make more informed choices about food. More recent research has advanced to examining the impacts of FOP labels on consumer behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Front-of-package product labels: influences of varying nutritional food labels on parental decisions

Bui

Kaltcheva

Patino

et al. 2013

Journal of Product &Amp; Brand Management

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Purpose-This research aims to examine the effects of varying front-of-package (FOP) nutrition information type on parents' food product choices for children. Design/methodology/approach-A 3(FOP nutrition information: nutrient specific system vs food group information system vs summary indicator system) £ 3(Perceived healthiness of the product: high vs moderate vs low) mixed-design experiment and content analysis were conducted to test the hypotheses. Findings-Findings suggest that summary indicator systems were effective in positively impacting parents' choices for healthier food options, however not as effective as food group information systems-which includes specific nutrient content claims complementing less familiar health nutrient symbols. Originality/value-Implications for marketers, consumer welfare advocates and product brand managers are provided.

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Eating Their Feelings: Examining Emotional Eating in At-Risk Groups in the United States

Abstract: Emotional eating, Overconsumption, Obesity, Social marketing,

Cited by 26 publications

References 52 publications

Mindless Eating Challenge: Retention, Weight Outcomes, and Barriers for Changes in a Public Web-Based Healthy Eating and Weight Loss Program

Mindless Eating Challenge: Retention, Weight Outcomes, and Barriers for Changes in a Public Web-Based Healthy Eating and Weight Loss Program

Gender and Racial Differences in Emotional Eating, Food Addiction Symptoms, and Body Weight Satisfaction among Undergraduates

Front-of-package product labels: influences of varying nutritional food labels on parental decisions

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