Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children

Llewellyn, Clare H.; Jaarsveld, Cornelia H M van; Boniface, David; Carnell, Susan; Wardle, Jane

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2008.26175

Cited by 193 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The present study further assessed the eating rate of pre-school children by actually observing their eating behaviours under the usual food-consuming environment in kindergartens. The results showed that lunch duration was associated with childhood overweight, which was coincident with the findings of a previous study that used video-recording to observe eating behaviours (20) . The video-recording study examined associations between eating rate and BMI in 10-12-year-old children who ate standard meals at home.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of eating speed and energy intake of main meals with overweight in Chinese pre-school children

Lin

Pan

Tang

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the association between eating behaviours (eating speed and energy intake of main meals) and overweight in pre-school children. Design: Cross-sectional study. Data consisted of measurements (height and weight), questionnaire information (eating behaviours of eating speed and overeating) and on-site observation data (meal duration and energy intake of main meals). Setting: Seven kindergartens in Beijing, China. Subjects: Pre-school children (n 1138; age range 3?1-6?7 years old) from seven kindergartens participated in the study. Results: The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of overweight in participants with parent-reported 'more than needed food intake' was 3?02 (95 % CI 2?06, 4?44) compared with the 'medium food intake' participants, and higher eating speed was associated with childhood overweight. For the two observed eating behaviours, each 418?7 kJ (100 kcal) increase of lunch energy intake significantly increased the likelihood for overweight by a factor of 1?445, and each 5-min increase in meal duration significantly decreased the likelihood for overweight by a factor of 0?861. Increased portions of rice and cooked dishes were significantly associated with overweight status (OR 5 2?274; 95 % CI 1?360, 3?804 and OR 5 1?378; 95 % CI 1?010, 1?881, respectively). Conclusions: Eating speed and excess energy intake of main meals are associated with overweight in pre-school children.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of eating speed and energy intake of main meals with overweight in Chinese pre-school children

Lin

Pan

Tang

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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“…34 The rationale for combining the CCTI and NYLS items was to broaden the content coverage of the eating behavior constructs. Specifically, these 11 items were selected in advance, based on their face content, to address the following constructs of interest: food fussiness or pickiness eating, [35][36][37] appetite and hunger, [38][39][40] and self-regulatory eating. 41,42 These constructs or traits have been suggested as being potential contributors Higher scores on reactivity to food reflect a more negative reaction to or fussiness about foods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant temperament and eating style predict change in standardized weight status and obesity risk at 6 years of age

Faith

Hittner

2010

Int J Obes

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Objective: Little research has addressed the relationships among infant temperament, eating styles and obesity risk. To address this gap, we tested whether infant temperament and eating patterns at the age of 1 year are associated with a greater increase in standardized weight status, and greater obesity risk at 6 years of age. Design: A secondary, prospective analysis of the Colorado Adoption Study was conducted. The main predictor variables were infant temperament (that is, emotionality, activity, attention span-persistence, reaction to food and soothability) and eating domains (that is, reactivity to food, predictable appetite and distractability at mealtime) at the age of 1 year, along with the body mass index (BMI) of biological mothers. The outcome measures were child weight and height (length) assessed at ages 1 through 6 years, from which weight-for-length and BMI were computed along with the standardized indexes (z-scores) and percentiles. Overweight/obesity status was computed at each year as well. Participants: A primarily White sample of 262 boys and 225 girls, assessed at ages 1 through 6 years, along with their mothers. Results: Among boys, greater attention span-persistence was associated with reduced standardized weight status gain (b ¼ À0.15, Po0.05) and reduced obesity risk (odds ratio (OR) ¼ 0.46, P ¼ 0.06). Among girls, greater soothability and negative reaction to food were associated with greater standardized weight status gain (b ¼ 0.19, Po0.01; and b ¼ 0.16, Po0.05, respectively) and increased obesity risk (OR ¼ 3.72, P ¼ 0.03; and OR ¼ 2.81, P ¼ 0.08, respectively). Biological mothers' obesity status predicted obesity risk in boys (OR ¼ 3.07, P ¼ 0.01) and girls (OR ¼ 5.94, P ¼ 0.03). Conclusions: Male infants with less attention span, and female infants with greater soothability or a more negative food reaction, showed greater increases in standardized weight and were more likely to be overweight/obese at the age of 6 years. The role of infant temperament in pediatric obesity onset warrants greater research.

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“…There are heritable components in children's preferences for fruits and meats (Breen Plomin and Wardle 2006), and specific macronutrients, chiefly dietary fat (Reed et al 1997). Appetite related traits such as food cue responsiveness and eating rate also have a genetic basis Llewellyn et al 2008). And some children are genetically less attuned to physical signals of satiation, thus are at greater risk of overeating and more likely to become obese (Faith, Carnell, and Kral 2013).…”

Section: Physiological Predispositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All in the Family? Parental Roles in the Epidemic of Childhood Obesity

2016

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Childhood obesity is a serious global health challenge. Families and consumption are at the nexus of the problem, as childhood weight issues depend significantly on family-related influences (genetic predispositions, physical activities, and household food consumption practices). This article focuses on how a family socializes a child toward or away from obesity. It advances a family consumer socialization framework to characterize key elements and processes.Biological predispositions, parent/family inputs, elements of child development, parent-child interactions, and intergenerational transfer are all major contributors to weight status and life course potentials. Time is also a crucial component, here represented in two forms --linear and cyclical. Drawing on extensive research from other disciplines and related consumer research, five "Foundational Properties" are distilled, representing fundamental tenets underpinning the family's role in this problem. Each property is then used to chart promising opportunities for consumer researchers and others interested in advancing knowledge on this pressing concern.

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Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children

Abstract: Faster eating appears to be a heritable behavioral phenotype related to higher weight.

Cited by 193 publications

References 37 publications

Association of eating speed and energy intake of main meals with overweight in Chinese pre-school children

Association of eating speed and energy intake of main meals with overweight in Chinese pre-school children

Infant temperament and eating style predict change in standardized weight status and obesity risk at 6 years of age

All in the Family? Parental Roles in the Epidemic of Childhood Obesity

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