Eating Pathology Among Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

Boucher, Katrine; Côté, Marilou; Gagnon‐Girouard, Marie‐Pierre; Ratté, Carole; Bégin, Catherine

doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000890

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Several studies did not consider potential effects of medication. Many studies have not examined whether structural changes in the brain correlate with low self-esteem and self-evaluation, which are core features of BN and other eating disorders [11,12]. The present study aimed to help clarify the potential association of BN with altered GMV in the brain, and to examine whether these structural changes correlate with patient's self-evaluation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

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Background: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a psychiatric disorder with unclear pathophysiology. Several studies have associated BN with structural and functional changes in the brain, but findings have been inconsistent. Here we explored this potential association in a small group of Chinese women with BN. Methods: This retrospective study examined 34 women with BN and 34 age-matched healthy controls, all of whom underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Voxel-based morphometry was carried out to explore alterations in regional grey matter volume (GMV) that may be associated with BN. Results: The BN group showed smaller GMV in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed.L), right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R), right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.R), left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.L) and left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor.L). No regions showing GMV increases in BN were identified. The GMV reduction did not correlate with body mass index, duration of illness, or patients' self-esteem or overall self-evaluation. GMV reduction correlated negatively with age in the SFGmed. L

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa

Liu

Wang

et al. 2020

BMC Psychiatry

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“…The ability to exhibit control over emotional needs and relationships was correlated with AN-R in a comparison study involving individuals with AN and BN. However, the cross-sectional design was unable to determine whether this trait preceded AN-R and the sample size was relatively small [ 189 ].…”

Section: Personality Traits and Comorbid Mental Health Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

Barakat

Aouad²,

Boakes³

et al. 2023

J Eat Disord

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Background Risk factors represent a range of complex variables associated with the onset, development, and course of eating disorders. Understanding these risk factors is vital for the refinement of aetiological models, which may inform the development of targeted, evidence-based prevention, early intervention, and treatment programs. This Rapid Review aimed to identify and summarise research studies conducted within the last 12 years, focusing on risk factors associated with eating disorders. Methods The current review forms part of a series of Rapid Reviews to be published in a special issue in the Journal of Eating Disorders, funded by the Australian Government to inform the development of the National Eating Disorder Research and Translation Strategy 2021–2031. Three databases were searched for studies published between 2009 and 2021, published in English, and comprising high-level evidence studies (meta-analyses, systematic reviews, moderately sized randomised controlled studies, moderately sized controlled-cohort studies, or population studies). Data pertaining to risk factors for eating disorders were synthesised and outlined in the current paper. Results A total of 284 studies were included. The findings were divided into nine main categories: (1) genetics, (2) gastrointestinal microbiota and autoimmune reactions, (3) childhood and early adolescent exposures, (4) personality traits and comorbid mental health conditions, (5) gender, (6) socio-economic status, (7) ethnic minority, (8) body image and social influence, and (9) elite sports. A substantial amount of research exists supporting the role of inherited genetic risk in the development of eating disorders, with biological risk factors, such as the role of gut microbiota in dysregulation of appetite, an area of emerging evidence. Abuse, trauma and childhood obesity are strongly linked to eating disorders, however less conclusive evidence exists regarding developmental factors such as role of in-utero exposure to hormones. Comorbidities between eating disorders and mental health disorders, including personality and mood disorders, have been found to increase the severity of eating disorder symptomatology. Higher education attainment, body image-related factors, and use of appearance-focused social media are also associated with increased risk of eating disorder symptoms. Conclusion Eating disorders are associated with multiple risk factors. An extensive amount of research has been conducted in the field; however, further studies are required to assess the causal nature of the risk factors identified in the current review. This will assist in understanding the sequelae of eating disorder development and in turn allow for enhancement of existing interventions and ultimately improved outcomes for individuals.

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“…Medium‐to‐large effect sizes were observed for the associations between maladaptive emotion regulation and EDs and eating‐related symptoms, specifically the relations between lack of emotional awareness, clarity, acceptance, reappraisal, problem‐solving, and EDs 36 . Another study examined pathological narcissism and revealed that hiding the self, which is a vulnerable narcissistic facet, significantly contributed to dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors over and above self‐esteem for women with AN 37 . Furthermore, vulnerable narcissism was associated with the use of rather maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, that is, suppression 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 36 Another study examined pathological narcissism and revealed that hiding the self, which is a vulnerable narcissistic facet, significantly contributed to dysfunctional eating attitudes and behaviors over and above self‐esteem for women with AN. 37 Furthermore, vulnerable narcissism was associated with the use of rather maladaptive emotion regulation strategies, that is, suppression. 38 This study indicated that emotion regulation is an important realm to improve not only for psychopathology but also for social functioning in patients with AN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subjective assessment of work and social adjustment impairments and associated psychopathologies in Japanese adult female patients with anorexia nervosa

Iida,

Ono,

Mizuhara

et al. 2023

PCN Reports

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AimPatients with anorexia nervosa (AN) sometimes undergo a chronic course, and they hardly maintain social participation. Work and social adjustment impairments are generally significantly associated with the clinical symptoms of eating disorders. Psychopathologies associated with the subjective social difficulties of patients with AN have been unclear. This study examined the association between AN psychopathologies and work and social adjustment impairments in adult female patients with AN.MethodsThis study included 36 Japanese adult female patients with AN who completed the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) and the Eating Disorder Inventory‐2 (EDI‐2). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to assess correlations between WSAS and EDI‐2 or demographic variables.ResultsThe mean age was 31.8 years, the mean current body mass index was 13.4 kg/m2, and the median illness duration was 5 years. Patients demonstrated social difficulties, especially in social leisure activities. The total WSAS scores were significantly correlated with EDI‐2 “impulse regulation” and “asceticism.” WSAS “social leisure” was significantly correlated with EDI‐2 “bulimia,” “interoceptive awareness,” “impulse regulation,” and “asceticism.”ConclusionPsychopathologies, such as impulse regulation, asceticism, and interoceptive awareness, may be related factors to social difficulties. Emotion regulation, such as impulse regulation and emotional awareness, could be an important realm of treatment not only for psychopathology but also for social functioning in patients with AN.

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Eating Pathology Among Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa

Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa

Risk factors for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review

The subjective assessment of work and social adjustment impairments and associated psychopathologies in Japanese adult female patients with anorexia nervosa

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