Eating one's words, Part I: ‘concretised metaphors’ and reflective function in anorexia nervosa—an interview study

Skårderud, Finn

doi:10.1002/erv.777

Cited by 141 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This means that in our sample, as expected, patients with AN showed greater difficulties than HCs identifying feelings, distinguishing them from the bodily sensations of emotion (Skårderud, 2007;Enckell, 2002), and also describing feelings to others. On the contrary, we failed to find a significant difference between AN and HCs as far as EOT is concerned.…”

Section: Tassupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Jenkins & Connor (2012) suggested the phrase "cognitive-affective division" to describe the difficulty shown by patients with Eating Disorders (EDs) when trying to translate what they "think" cognitively into what they "feel" emotionally. Poor skills in emotion regulation (ER), especially when facing negative moods, may lead patients to eating disordered behaviors, which seem to offer a short term comfort or distraction, to the detriment of more adaptive strategies (Skårderud, 2007;Smyth et al, 2007;Svaldi, Griepenstroh, Tuschen-Caffiera, Ehringc, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alexithymia, empathy, emotion identification and social inference in anorexia nervosa: A case-control study

et al. 2016

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Alexithymia, difficulties in facial emotion recognition, poor socio-relational skills are typical of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). We assessed patients with AN and healthy controls (HCs) with mixed stimuli: questionnaires (Toronto Alexithymia Scale-TAS, Interpersonal Reactivity Index-IRI), photographs (Facial Emotion Identification Test-FEIT) and dynamic images (The Awareness of Social Inference Test-TASIT). TAS and IRI Personal Distress (PD) were higher in AN than HCs.Few or no differences emerged at the FEIT and TASIT, respectively. Despite higher levels of alexithymia, patients with AN seem to properly acknowledge others' emotions while being inhibited in the expression of their own.

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Section: Tassupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alexithymia, empathy, emotion identification and social inference in anorexia nervosa: A case-control study

et al. 2016

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“…In different daily life situations, they adjust their self-image and stretch their limits by means of forbidden thoughts, lies, and self-harm. Previous research has demonstrated that a person with anorexia makes a pact with the illness, which can be called a friend and a foe, thus allowing it to gain full control over the person's life and body (Skarderud, 2007;Treasure & Schmidt, 2001), which was also described in the blogs in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Young Women With Anorexia Nervosa

et al. 2015

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The aim of this study was to describe how young women living with self-identified anorexia narrate about their lives by blogging. Thirteen Swedish blogs were chosen and analyzed by means of qualitative content analysis. The results described falling ill, the illness itself, and the path to recovery. Low self-esteem, depressed state of mind, and self-destructive behavior were typical signs at the start of the illness. The women's lives were characterized by a need for controlling their body by tormenting it and by the illness demanding all their concentration and energy. The women suffered from the feeling of being a disappointment to their family members. The illness was like an enemy that had to be defeated with the help of family members, health care professionals, and by means of therapy. A turning point occurred when the women felt at their worst or had tired of the illness and could concentrate on something other than their body and the eating disorder. Suffering from self-identified anorexia was described as experiencing low self-esteem. The illness took all of the women's time and energy. For a turning point to be reached, the women needed support from family, friends, and health care professionals, including the use of distractions.

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“…Nordbø et al [50] documented that anorectic persons may explain their behavior as a tool for achieving a new identity. Skarderud [51,52] showed that to some persons with ED, changing one’s body is a tool to become another. They want to change, and changing one’s body serves as both a concrete and a symbolic tool for such ambitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identity and Eating Disorders (IDEA): A Questionnaire Evaluating Identity and Embodiment in Eating Disorder Patients

et al. 2012

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Background: In this paper we tested the hypothesis that persons with eating disorders (EDs) are affected by disturbances of the way they experience their own body (embodiment) and shape their personal identity, assuming that the various kinds of anomalies of eating behavior are consequences thereof. Sampling and Methods: We developed and validated a new self-reported questionnaire named IDEA (IDentity and EAting disorders), which was administered to 147 ED patients and 187 healthy controls. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, psychopathological correlates, and concurrent validity were evaluated. A factor analysis was performed to verify the distribution of items into subscales. Results: The questionnaire showed good test-retest reliability, and internal consistency. IDEA scores were specifically associated with ED psychopathology, and they did not show any correlation with sociodemographic and general clinical variables. Four factors were extracted, which were related to the following phenomena: ‘feeling oneself only through the gaze of the other and defining oneself only through the evaluation of the other’, ‘feeling oneself only through objective measures’, ‘feeling extraneous from one’s own body’, and ‘feeling oneself through starvation’. Conclusions: IDEA represents a multidimensional, brief, versatile, easy-to-perform instrument for clinical evaluation, assessing abnormalities in lived corporeality, and of personal identity, which appeared to be specifically associated with the core features of ED psychopathology. The main limitations of the study are the cross-sectional design. Also, it is impossible to ascertain whether the domains we assessed are specific traits of patients with EDs, or state-related features. To answer this question, a longitudinal study is needed.

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Eating one's words, Part I: ‘concretised metaphors’ and reflective function in anorexia nervosa—an interview study

Cited by 141 publications

References 11 publications

Alexithymia, empathy, emotion identification and social inference in anorexia nervosa: A case-control study

Alexithymia, empathy, emotion identification and social inference in anorexia nervosa: A case-control study

Young Women With Anorexia Nervosa

Identity and Eating Disorders (IDEA): A Questionnaire Evaluating Identity and Embodiment in Eating Disorder Patients

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