Eating in the absence of hunger is related to loss-of-control eating, hedonic hunger, and short-term weight gain in normal-weight women

Feig, Emily H.; Piers, Amani D.; Kral, Tanja V.E.; Lowe, Michael R.

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.013

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Together, these suggest a behavioral profile which is detrimental to weight regulation and maintaining good health. Surprisingly, however, Disinhibition was not significantly related to eating in the absence of hunger in lean individuals [39], or was it related to snacking initiation [40]. The poorer dietary behavior of those with a higher Disinhibition (or UE) could be explained in part, by the higher impulsivity in relation to palatable foods possessed, regardless of their Restraint score [41], suggesting a more automatic response to food.…”

Section: Eating Behavior Traits Diet Quality and Cognitive Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Eating Disturbance: the Role of TFEQ Restraint and Disinhibition

et al. 2019

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Purpose of ReviewLiterature from the past five years exploring roles of Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) Restraint and Disinhibition in relation to adult obesity and eating disturbance (ED) was reviewed.Recent FindingsRestraint has a mixed impact on weight regulation, diet quality, and vulnerability to ED, where it is related detrimentally to weight regulation, diet, and psychopathology, yet can serve as a protective factor. The impact of Disinhibition is potently related to increased obesity, poorer diet, hedonically driven food choices, and a higher susceptibility to ED.SummaryRestraint and Disinhibition have distinct influences on obesity and ED and should be targeted differently in interventions. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying TFEQ eating behavior traits.

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Section: Eating Behavior Traits Diet Quality and Cognitive Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Eating Disturbance: the Role of TFEQ Restraint and Disinhibition

et al. 2019

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“…Participants were asked to rate their current hunger on a line labelled from 1-10 [where 1 = not hungry at all and 10 = extremely hungry]. Line Likert scales of this nature are widely used in food behaviour and nutritional based research ( (Feig, Piers, Kral, & Lowe, 2018;Sibilia, 2010) and offer good levels of within subject reliability and validity (Stubbs et al, 2000). Participants were also required to state the time that they last consumed a food item.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the time elapsed since the last food item was consumed as a factor affecting cognitive performance in young adults

Walters¹,

Khan²

2018

CBB

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Cognitive ability is used in numerous everyday situations (for example, in the classroom, workplace and home) and can be measured using cognitive tests designed to target specific cognitive domains. Cognition can be influenced by external factors (for example, age, education, caffeine intake and time of day) which if not controlled for or noted could influence performance. Prior food intake has not received a direct focus in the cognition literature therefore this study aims to investigate the time elapsed since the last food item was consumed as a factor which may affect cognitive performance. Fifty-two cognitively healthy adults with no reported cognitive impairment or diagnosis of any eating or metabolic disorder took part in the study. Participants completed a self-rated hunger scale and stated the time that they last consumed a food item. The time of day that the assessments were completed was also noted. All participants completed a brief cognitive battery consisting of a semantic recall assessment, digit span and parts A and B of the Trail Making Test. Results revealed a significant main effect of minutes since the last food item was consumed on semantic recall and both Trails A and B whereby performance was significantly worse as the time since the last food item was consumed increased. These results suggest that information about when the participant consumed food prior to assessment should be gathered to check for any such affects. This could have implications for cognitive performance in educational settings and clinical environments where scores often determine academic progression and further interventions.

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“…The short version also maintained its ability to associate with various external criteria. While RED-X5 has not been tested with the eating in absence of hunger paradigm, that paradigm is known to correlate with measures capturing constructs very similar to RED (39). When questionnaire space is flexible, we recommend using the longer version of RED (RED-13), as it allows for the analysis of each subscale in explaining external behaviours.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Assessment of Reward-Related Eating: The RED-X5

Vainik¹,

Han²,

Epel³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Objective: Obesity’s prevalence has created a plethora of questionnaires characterizing psychological aspects of eating behaviour, such as reward-related eating (RRE). The Reward-based Eating Drive questionnaires (RED-9, RED-13) broadly and deeply assesses the RRE construct. However, large-sample research designs require shorter questionnaires that capture RRE quickly and precisely. We sought to develop a brief, reliable, and valid version of the RED questionnaire.Methods: We used all-subset correlation to find a subset that maximally associated with the full RED-13 in two separate samples. We validated results in a third independent sample. We also assessed internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and ability to explain variance in external outcomes. Results: A 5-item questionnaire (RED-X5) correlated strongly with RED-13 in the independent sample (r = .95). RED-X5 demonstrated high internal consistency (omega total ≥ .80) and 6-month test-retest reliability (r = .72). RED-X5 accurately reproduced known associations between RED-13 and body mass index, diabetes status, and craving for sweet and savory foods. As a novel finding, RED questionnaires predicted laboratory intake of chips.Conclusions: The RED-X5 is a short, reliable, and valid measure of the RRE construct and can be readily implemented in large-sample research designs where questionnaire space is limited. Materials are available at https://osf.io/bd3mg/.

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Eating in the absence of hunger is related to loss-of-control eating, hedonic hunger, and short-term weight gain in normal-weight women

Cited by 49 publications

References 43 publications

Obesity and Eating Disturbance: the Role of TFEQ Restraint and Disinhibition

Obesity and Eating Disturbance: the Role of TFEQ Restraint and Disinhibition

Investigating the time elapsed since the last food item was consumed as a factor affecting cognitive performance in young adults

Rapid Assessment of Reward-Related Eating: The RED-X5

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