Eating disorders symptoms and excessive internet use in adolescents: the role of internalising and externalising problems

Šablatúrová, Nika; Gottfried, Jaroslav; Blinka, Lukáš; Ševčíková, Anna; Husárová, Daniela

doi:10.1186/s40337-021-00506-5

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…The remaining 8 studies did not report proportion segmented by gender. In terms of geographical regions, 16 different countries were identified, including 21 studies in Europe, 5 in Asia, 4 in North America, 1 in South America, and 1 in Africa . All the studies were conducted with participants from only 1 country.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main characteristics of the 32 included studies are summarized in the Table. Twenty-six of the studies were cross-sectional, 4 were longitudinal, 1 was a quasi-experimental study, and 1 was a randomized clinical trial . A total of 63 181 participants (51.8% girls) aged 7 to 18 years were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining eight studies did not report proportion segmented by sex. In terms of geographical regions, 16 different countries were identified, including 21 studies in Europe 19,20,30,[33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]46,47,[49][50][51]56,57 , five in Asia 31,48,53,55,58 , four in North America 36,45,52,54 , one in South America 59 , and one in Africa 32 . All the studies were conducted with participants from only one country.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2023

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ImportanceThe 5-item Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire is the most widely used screening measure for eating disorders. However, no previous systematic review and meta-analysis determined the proportion of disordered eating among children and adolescents.ObjectiveTo establish the proportion among children and adolescents of disordered eating as assessed with the SCOFF tool.Data SourcesFour databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) with date limits from January 1999 to November 2022.Study SelectionStudies were required to meet the following criteria: (1) participants: studies of community samples of children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years and (2) outcome: disordered eating assessed by the SCOFF questionnaire. The exclusion criteria included (1) studies conducted with young people who had a diagnosis of physical or mental disorders; (2) studies that were published before 1999 because the SCOFF questionnaire was designed in that year; (3) studies in which data were collected during COVID-19 because they could introduce selection bias; (4) studies based on data from the same surveys/studies to avoid duplication; and (5) systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses and qualitative and case studies.Data Extraction and SynthesisA systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportion of disordered eating among children and adolescents assessed with the SCOFF tool.ResultsThirty-two studies, including 63 181 participants, from 16 countries were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall proportion of children and adolescents with disordered eating was 22.36% (95% CI, 18.84%-26.09%; P &lt; .001; n = 63 181) (I2 = 98.58%). Girls were significantly more likely to report disordered eating (30.03%; 95% CI, 25.61%-34.65%; n = 27 548) than boys (16.98%; 95% CI, 13.46%-20.81%; n = 26 170) (P &lt; .001). Disordered eating became more elevated with increasing age (B, 0.03; 95% CI, 0-0.06; P = .049) and body mass index (B, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01-0.05; P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, the available evidence from 32 studies comprising large samples from 16 countries showed that 22% of children and adolescents showed disordered eating according to the SCOFF tool. Proportion of disordered eating was further elevated among girls, as well as with increasing age and body mass index. These high figures are concerning from a public health perspective and highlight the need to implement strategies for preventing eating disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2023

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“…However, the data are consistent with other studies on excessive use. In a very large sample (N= 7083), for example, EUI in adolescents was correlated with eating disorder symptoms (r=.36) [26] in another study (N=721), a high degree of socialization on the Internet was associated with eating disorders [27]. But it was also associated with low self-esteem.…”

Section: Excessive Internet Usementioning

confidence: 90%

Anorexia in Adolescents: A Narrative Review

2022

Arch Pediatr

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The prevalence of anorexia nervosa has ranged from 27% in non-clinical samples to 85% in samples of adolescents with eating disorders, with twice the prevalence noted in females. Several correlates of anorexia are reported in the recent literature reviewed here including vegetarian diets, personality characteristics such as internalizing and perfectionism as well as behavior problems including impulsivity, dysregulation and being victimized. Comorbidities have included social anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation. In most of these studies, it is not clear which is the primary disorder, as most of the samples are cross-sectional rather than longitudinal. Several of the correlates have also been identified as risk factors including gender, early attachment disturbances, excessive Internet use and negative effects of COVID-19. Potential underlying mechanisms have included involvement of the prefrontal area of the brain based on fMRI and evoked potential research. Fortunately, negative effects of anorexia including decreased body fat mass and bone density as well as lower cortical thickness and less grey matter have been reversed following weight gain. Other effective interventions have included cognitive behavior and dialectical behavior therapy. This narrative review involved entering the terms eating disorders and adolescents into PubMed and PsycINFO. The search yielded 251 papers for the last five years, but following exclusion criteria including case studies and non-English papers, this review is a summary of the research reported in 49 papers. The recent literature on eating disorders in adolescents is predominantly focused on correlates and risk factors for anorexia along with some studies on comorbidities and potential underlying mechanisms for anorexia. Although there are virtually no studies on the effects of anorexia except its effects on body mass and bone mineral density, several intervention studies appear in this literature. Related studies are focused on orthorexia. This narrative review is accordingly divided into sections on the prevalence of anorexia, comorbidities, correlates, risk factors, potential underlying mechanisms and interventions. In a separate section, the smaller literature on orthorexia and drunkorexia is briefly reviewed.

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“…The internet addiction group demonstrated elevated scores in inattention/hyperactivity, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer relationship issues, and overall problems while exhibiting diminished scores in pro-social behavior when compared to the NIA group [ 67 ]. It is known that high screen time, prolonged periods of smartphones, and excessive internet use were positively associated with externalizing problems [ 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Habits Related to Internet Use in Adolescents: Relationships between Wellness, Happiness, and Mental Health

Lesinskienė,

Šambaras,

Butvilaitė

et al. 2024

Children

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Background: Studies in recent years have shown a significant increase in problematic internet use. Prolonged internet usage negatively impacts various aspects of adolescents’ lifestyles. Methods: The survey was conducted in three Lithuanian cities—Vilnius, Klaipėda, and Molėtai—between October and December of 2023. The survey involved students between the ages of 12 and 16. The participants completed a questionnaire that included questions about wellness and happiness, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Our study aimed to investigate problematic internet use among Lithuanian adolescents and its relationships with wellness, happiness, and mental health. Results: This study included 1412 adolescents, with a mean age of 14.41 ± 1.20, with the sample composed of 52.3% boys. Boys indicated that they felt healthier and happier than girls (69.4% vs. 47.4%; 51.4% vs. 29.6%), p < 0.001. A total of 20.8% of students had IAT scores that reflect a normal level of internet usage. For IAT, the average score of girls was statistically significantly higher than that of boys (41.87 ± 12.24 vs. 39.96 ± 12.37), p < 0.001. The IAT score was higher in the group of students who felt less happy and healthy, had more frequent headaches or abdominal pain, and had problems with sleep, p < 0.001. A statistically significant, positive weak correlation was found between students’ IAT scores and SDQ internalizing and SDQ externalizing scores (r = 0.366; r = 0.385, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Prolonged internet use is arising as a serious problem among adolescents. Negative feelings, unhappiness, and poor emotion regulation have an association with internet addiction. Also, the female gender may be more associated with possible internet addiction. The results of this study can serve as initial steps toward developing preventive interventions.

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Eating disorders symptoms and excessive internet use in adolescents: the role of internalising and externalising problems

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

Global Proportion of Disordered Eating in Children and Adolescents

Anorexia in Adolescents: A Narrative Review

Lifestyle Habits Related to Internet Use in Adolescents: Relationships between Wellness, Happiness, and Mental Health

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