Eating Behaviors of Older African Americans: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

O’Neal, Catherine Walker; Wickrama, K. A. S.; Ralston, Penny A.; Ilich, Jasminka Z.; Harris, Cynthia M.; Coccia, Catherine; Young-Clark, Iris; Lemacks, Jennifer

doi:10.1093/geront/gns155

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although this is in contrast to the results of several studies that did find TPB support when examining somewhat similar samples as the current study’s, as noted in the Introduction, several of these prior findings require qualification due to factors such as limited generalizability, measurement issues, or having accounted for only small amounts of variance (Conner et al, 2002; Gardner & Hausenblas, 2004; Gatt & Sammut, 2008; Godin et al, 2010; O’Neal et al, 2014). Additionally, the current study controlled for baseline behavior (McEachan et al, 2011), in an effort to determine the TPB’s contribution to predicting future dieting above and beyond what typically can be predicted simply from knowing an individual’s past eating behavior.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…However, the studies included other self-care behaviors, such as glucose monitoring and medication management (diabetes) (Didarloo et al, 2012; Gatt & Sammut, 2008), thereby making it difficult to tease out the healthy eating component. In a separate study, the TPB predicted increased fruit/vegetable consumption for older African Americans who were participating in a cardiovascular risk-reduction project (O’Neal et al, 2014). Another study discovered that the TPB predicted healthy eating intentions for medical patients recruited from health promotion clinics, and that these intentions predicted healthy eating behavior at a six-year follow-up (Conner et al, 2002).…”

Section: The Tpb and Dieting Or Healthy Eatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Can the Theory of Planned Behavior predict dietary intention and future dieting in an ethnically diverse sample of overweight and obese veterans attending medical clinics?

2016

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Obesity has become a world-wide epidemic; in the United States (U.S.) approximately two-thirds of adults are classified as overweight or obese. Military veterans’ numbers are even higher, with 77% of retired or discharged U.S. veterans falling in these weight categories. One of the most common methods of changing one’s weight is through dieting, yet little is known regarding the factors that facilitate successful dieting behavior. The current investigation tested the Theory of Planned Behavior’s (TPB) ability to predict dietary intention and future dieting in a sample of 84 overweight and obese patients attending medical clinics at a Veterans Affairs Hospital in the southwestern part of the U.S. Participants primarily were male (92%) and ethnic/racial minorities (58%). Perceived need and anticipated regret were added to the standard TPB model. While the TPB predicted dietary intention, it did not significantly account for improved dietary behaviors. Anticipated regret significantly enhanced the basic TPB’s ability to predict intention to diet, while perceived need did not. These findings highlight the difficulty in predicting sustained change in a complex behavior such as dieting to lose weight. The need for more work with older, overweight/obese medical patients attending veterans’ facilities is stressed, as is the need for such work with male patients and ethnic minorities in particular.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: The Tpb and Dieting Or Healthy Eatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the Theory of Planned Behavior predict dietary intention and future dieting in an ethnically diverse sample of overweight and obese veterans attending medical clinics?

2016

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“…That is, participants from that study who were characterized as food insecure as well as having higher intentions for healthy eating were more likely to have higher healthy food preparation scores (Suratkar et al, 2010). These results also mirror results from a study in Florida with a similar population of low-income African Americans, of older age, for whom intentions were found to be associated with higher consumption of fruits and vegetables (O’Neal et al, 2014). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Psychosocial Determinants of Food Acquisition and Preparation in Low-Income, Urban African American Households

et al. 2018

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Background Psychosocial factors are important determinants of health behaviors and diet-related outcomes, yet relatively little work has explored their relation to food-purchasing and preparation behaviors in low-income populations. Aim To evaluate the psychosocial factors associated with food-related behaviors. Methods Cross-sectional data collected from 465 low-income African American adult caregivers in the baseline evaluation of the B’more Healthy Communities for Kids obesity prevention trial. Questionnaires were used to assess household sociodemographic characteristics, food sources frequently used, and food preparation and food acquisition behaviors. Multiple linear regression models explored the associations between caregiver psychosocial variables and food-related behaviors, controlling for caregivers’ age, sex, household income, household size, and food assistance participation. Results Caregivers purchased prepared food at carry-outs on average 3.8 times (standard deviation [SD] = 4.6) within 30 days. Less healthy foods were acquired 2 times more frequently than healthier foods (p < .001). Higher food-related behavioral intention and self-efficacy scores were positively associated with healthier food acquisition (β = 0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.09, 1.4]; β = 0.04; 95% CI [0.02, 0.06]) and negatively associated with frequency of purchasing at prepared food sources (β = −0.4; 95% CI [−0.6, −0.2]; β = −0.5; 95% CI [−0.7, −0.3]), respectively. Higher nutrition knowledge was associated with lower frequency of purchasing food at prepared food venues (β = −0.7; 95% CI: [−1.2, −0.2]). Discussion Our findings indicate a positive association between psychosocial determinants and healthier food acquisition and food preparation behaviors. Conclusion Interventions that affect psychosocial factors (i.e., food-related behavioral intentions and self-efficacy) may have the potential to increase healthier food preparation and food-purchasing practices among low-income African American families.

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“…Several studies that looked at fruit and vegetable consumption among African Americans found subjective norm to be important [34,35,36]. Britt et al [37] used the theory of planned behavior to examine the use of the human papillomavirus vaccine and found subjective norm to have an effect on behavioral intention when perceived behavioral control was the moderator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Genomics through Family Health History with the Theory of Planned Behavior: Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors and Preventive Behavior in an African American Population in Florida

Seaborn¹,

Suther²,

Lee³

et al. 2016

Public Health Genomics

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Aim: African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to assess to what extent African Americans' knowledge and awareness of family health history and related risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes influence their likelihood of adopting a preventive behavior. Methods: This study employed an anonymous pencil-and-paper, self-administered survey consisting of two sections. Section 1 was a modified version of the US Surgeon General's Family Health History Initiative and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Factor Survey. Section 2 of the survey was based on the constructs of the theory of planned behavior. Over 394 African American participants completed the survey. Results: ‘Perceived behavioral control' was the strongest predictor of ‘likelihood of adopting preventive behavior'. Participants were aware of their family history as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, but it was not a significant predictor of behavior modifications based on that knowledge. Conclusion: The lack of perceived risk in this population shows the importance of not only knowing one's risk factors but translating those risk factors to a more personalized form that fits into the current lifestyle of the individual in a meaningful way.

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Eating Behaviors of Older African Americans: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Can the Theory of Planned Behavior predict dietary intention and future dieting in an ethnically diverse sample of overweight and obese veterans attending medical clinics?

Can the Theory of Planned Behavior predict dietary intention and future dieting in an ethnically diverse sample of overweight and obese veterans attending medical clinics?

Psychosocial Determinants of Food Acquisition and Preparation in Low-Income, Urban African American Households

Utilizing Genomics through Family Health History with the Theory of Planned Behavior: Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Factors and Preventive Behavior in an African American Population in Florida

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