Easy methods for the electropolymerization of porphyrins based on the oxidation of the macrocycles

Schaming, Delphine; Ahmed, Iftikhar; Hao, Jian; Alain-Rizzo, Valérie; Farha, Rana; Goldmann, Michel; Xu, Hualong; Giraudeau, A.; Audebert, Pierre; Ruhlmann, Laurent

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.064

Cited by 41 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Furthermore, an important property of polymetallic porphyrins is their high ability to produce polymeric films on the electrode surfaces by electrochemical polymerization [31][32][33][34]. In particular, the use of porphyrins containing ruthenium complexes in the peripheral positions, as the starting material for electropolymerization by cyclic voltammetry, has excelled over other methods [35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Electrochemical behavior of hydroquinone and catechol at glassy carbon electrode modified by electropolymerization of tetraruthenated oxovanadium porphyrin

Ribeiro

Vilarinho

Ramos

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Electrochemical behavior of hydroquinone and catechol at glassy carbon electrode modified by electropolymerization of tetraruthenated oxovanadium porphyrin

Ribeiro

Vilarinho

Ramos

et al. 2015

Electrochimica Acta

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“…19 This group would later publish a similar paper describing the electropolymerization with the bridge already linked to one porphyrin, 20 and then another paper comparing the two methods. 21 The second paper used a bridge containing a polyoxometalate to produce one-and two-dimensional structures which were used for the photocatalytic reduction of Ag(I). Structures were characterized through a variety of measurements including UV-visible and PL wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/pi .…”

Section: Types Of Porphyrin Polymers and Preparative Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyrin polymers and organic frameworks

Day

Wamser

Walter

2015

Polymer International

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The versatility of porphyrins as optoelectronic or catalytic units makes them attractive elements for inclusion in functional materials. Polymers that include porphyrins have been created with a wide variety of structures and used in a wide range of applications. This review covers recent developments in the synthesis, characterization and applications of polymeric materials in which porphyrins are key components of the repeat units, including the rapidly growing area of metal-organic frameworks and related covalent organic frameworks. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry Keywords: review; porphyrin; metal-organic framework; covalent organic framework PORPHYRINS AS FUNCTIONAL BUILDING BLOCKSThe porphyrin ring and its many structural relatives are common functional units in both natural and synthetic systems (Fig. 1). Porphyrins have a variety of properties that allow them to be useful in applications, especially their broad-ranging optoelectronic and catalytic capabilities. Furthermore, these properties are readily modulated by incorporation of various metals inside the ring or by substituent effects at various locations around the ring. In many cases, nature provides guidance for specific structure-function correlations and applications -the so-called biomimetic approaches. In nature, porphyrin (heme) units are typically embedded in a biological matrix that controls the environment of and access to the porphyrin. In synthetic systems, porphyrins in polymeric matrices have been developed in similar fashion to help control the specific application.In this review, we briefly cite previous reviews and summarize recent results regarding the synthesis, structure, properties and applications of polymeric porphyrins. We only include polymers that contain multiple porphyrin units as an integral part of the polymer, as opposed to polymeric matrices that are simply used to encapsulate individual porphyrin units. We also cover the rapidly growing field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), where they specifically include porphyrins as a key component of the framework. Structures related to porphyrins (phthalocyanines, corroles, chlorins, etc.) and porphyrin dimers are not covered, but some porphyrin oligomers are discussed; reviews on many of these are available in the comprehensive series Handbook of Porphyrin Science.

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“…Indeed, while the formation of radical cations was sufficient to perform mono-substitutions onto macrocycles, the electropolymerization process requires formation of the dications, undoubtedly due to kinetic problems (the dications reacting faster with nucleophiles than the radical cations). 132 Hence an E 1 (E 2x C Nmeso E 2x+1 C B ) x=1→n E 2(n+1) mechanism can be proposed to explain the electropolymerization process. 131,132 Indeed, the double-oxidation step at the beginning (steps E 1 E 2 ) allows the formation of the dication.…”

Section: Use Of Bipyridinium Substituted Porphyrins As Monomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Easy methods for the electropolymerization of porphyrins based on the oxidation of the macrocycles

Cited by 41 publications

References 39 publications

Electrochemical behavior of hydroquinone and catechol at glassy carbon electrode modified by electropolymerization of tetraruthenated oxovanadium porphyrin

Electrochemical behavior of hydroquinone and catechol at glassy carbon electrode modified by electropolymerization of tetraruthenated oxovanadium porphyrin

Porphyrin polymers and organic frameworks

Electrosynthesis Processes Based on Oxidative Couplings of Porphyrins for the Formation of Supramolecular Assemblies

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