Eastern Mediterranean salinification observed in satellite salinity from SMAP mission

Grodsky, Semyon A.; Reul, Nicolás; Bentamy, Abderrahim; Vandemark, D.; Guimbard, Sébastien

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.103190

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several studies reported that SMAP is able to retrieve SSS with some confidence in coastal regions within 500-1000 km offshore in many places around the globe [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The present study adds another region to that list: the Red Sea.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In the Mediterranean Sea, bias is positive for the TSG and negative for Argo [3], but that was for a previous SMAP version than the ones used here. Moreover, there is no outstanding offset in Figure 14, such as in the Levantine area of the Mediterranean Sea (Figure 3a of Tang et al [17]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The present study adds another region to that list: the Red Sea. The Red Sea is an extremely salty environment, such as the Mediterranean Sea, and the issues to retrieve SSS in these two marginal seas are somehow similar [3,17]. However, the Red Sea is narrower on average, and land contamination would be expected to be a more severe issue there.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and histograms were calculated for each SMAP product for the collocated datasets to assess SMAP performance in the North Indian Ocean in both the spatial and temporal domains. These statistics are generally used in studies evaluating satellite salinity observations [1,3,8,9,12,13,[16][17][18]21,61].…”

Section: Collocation Between Smap and In Situ Observations And Statismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Statistical Assessment of Sea-Surface Salinity from SMAP: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and a Promising Red Sea Application

Menezes

2020

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sea-surface salinity (SSS) is an essential climate variable connected to Earth's hydrological cycle and a dynamical component of ocean circulation, but its variability is not well-understood. Thanks to Argo floats, and the first decade of salinity remote sensing, this is changing. While satellites can retrieve salinity with some confidence, accuracy is regionally dependent and challenging within 500-1000 km offshore. The present work assesses the first four years of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite in the North Indian Ocean. SMAP's improved spatial resolution, better mitigation for radio-frequency interference, and land contamination make it particularly attractive to study coastal areas. Here, regions of interest are the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, and the extremely salty Red Sea (the last of which has not yet received attention). Six SMAP products, which include Levels 2 and 3 data, were statistically evaluated against in situ measurements collected by a variety of instruments. SMAP reproduced SSS well in both the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, and surprisingly well in the Red Sea. Correlations there were 0.81-0.93, and the root-mean-square difference was 0.38-0.67 for Level 3 data.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Collocation Between Smap and In Situ Observations And Statismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Statistical Assessment of Sea-Surface Salinity from SMAP: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and a Promising Red Sea Application

Menezes

2020

Remote Sensing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies have already proved that SMAP performs better within 500–1,000 km of coastal regions at several places around the world (Fournier et al., 2016, 2017; Grodsky et al., 2018, 2019; Lee et al., 2019; Vazquez‐Cuervo et al., 2018, 2019). For instance, Fournier et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Remote Equatorial Winds and Local Mesoscale Eddies on the Existence of “River in the Sea” Along the East Coast of India Inferred From Satellite SMAP

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) has a unique geographical setting as it is bifurcated by the Indian landmass resulting into two tropical basins viz. Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BOB). These two basins are consistently influenced by the seasonally reversing monsoon wind forcing which in turn impact the surface circulation, precipitation, sea surface salinity (SSS) and exchange of water masses between the basins (Prasanna Kumar et al., 2004). The SSS is the most prominent physical parameter to distinguish these basins and also to control the dynamic and thermodynamic features of water masses (Behara et al., 2019; Pant et al., 2015; Pierce et al., 1995). In general, the SSS of BOB is below 34 psu throughout the year due to excess precipitation over evaporation and fresh water discharge from major perennial rivers such as Ganga-Brahmaputra (GB), Mahanadi-Brahmani, Krishna-Godavari and Irrawady (Behara et al., 2019; Dai et al., 2009). This freshening has greater impact on the air-sea interaction processes that modulates

show abstract

Impacts of the 2019 Strong IOD and Monsoon Events on Indian Ocean Sea Surface Salinity

Nyadjro

2021

Remote Sens Earth Syst Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The impact of the 2019 super positive Indian Ocean Dipole (PIOD) event, the strongest in the last four decades, which also cooccurred with an El Niño and a strong summer monsoon, on Indian Ocean sea surface salinity (SSS) is examined using the Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite measurements. Salt budget estimation suggests a predominant, nearly ocean-wide influence by surface freshwater flux and horizontal advective terms. Subsurface ocean influence on the salt budget occurs mainly in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO). The PIOD event suppressed the influence of the El Niño, thereby causing anomalous high precipitation in western India, and leading to an unusual freshening in the southeastern Arabian Sea (AS), which is subsequently advected towards the equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO). In the western Bay of Bengal (BoB), following the waning of monsoon-influenced precipitation in the fall, SSS becomes anomalously salty and traverses towards the AS against the flow of anomalous surface currents. During the peak of the summer monsoon in August-September and the peak of the PIOD event in September-November, SSS in the EIO exhibited tendency for freshening, mainly driven by westward advection of freshwater from the eastern BoB. Conversely, in the SETIO, there was tendency for salinification due to suppression of precipitation, enhanced upwelling of high subsurface salinity, and northward advection of salty water. During December to January of the following year, these salinity tendencies reversed, with salinification in the EIO and freshening in the SETIO.

show abstract

Eastern Mediterranean salinification observed in satellite salinity from SMAP mission

Cited by 26 publications

References 44 publications

Statistical Assessment of Sea-Surface Salinity from SMAP: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and a Promising Red Sea Application

Statistical Assessment of Sea-Surface Salinity from SMAP: Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal and a Promising Red Sea Application

Impact of Remote Equatorial Winds and Local Mesoscale Eddies on the Existence of “River in the Sea” Along the East Coast of India Inferred From Satellite SMAP

Impacts of the 2019 Strong IOD and Monsoon Events on Indian Ocean Sea Surface Salinity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About