East versus West: psychology of religion in East Asian cultures

Clobert, Magali

doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.08.021

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…1 As is well known, there are many psychological and behavioural differences between North America and the rest of the world, including Asia. The differences exist not only in terms of well-known cultural self-construal (Markus & Kitayama, 1991) and religious beliefs (Clobert, 2021), but also in other psychological processes, such as experiences of emotion: People in North American cultures emphasise being emotionally positive, whereas people in East Asian cultures place value on both positive and negative emotion (e.g., Miyamoto & Ma, 2011;Miyamoto & Ryff, 2011). Although we did not set any specific hypotheses before conducting the replication study, such differences may be related to the construal of various incentives (e.g., emotional incentives) in regard to altruism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cultural similarities and differences in lay theories of altruism: Replication of Carlson and Zaki (2018) in a Japanese sample

Kawamura

Sasaki

Kusumi

2021

Asian J of Social Psycho

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Previous studies have confirmed that some benefits related to prosocial acts (e.g., tax reduction for charitable donation) can influence how the prosocial acts are perceived by others. Carlson and Zaki (2018) systematically investigated how altruism perceived by observers is influenced by self‐oriented benefits (material, social, and emotional benefits) that actors received (consequences) or expected to receive before acting (motives) in an American sample. Their experiments showed that prosocial acts with material and social benefits were perceived as less altruistic than those with other‐oriented benefits. Additionally, prosocial acts motivated by self‐oriented benefits (material, social, or emotional benefits) were perceived as less altruistic than those with other‐oriented motives. To examine the generalisability of those results, the present study replicated Carlson and Zaki (2018) in a Japanese sample. In general, the present study successfully replicated the original results. However, there were three differences: (a) Japanese individuals considered altruistic behaviours with social benefits equally altruistic as prosocial acts with other‐oriented benefits, (b) Japanese individuals considered prosocial acts motivated by emotional benefits as not altruistic, and (c) by default, Japanese individuals tended to see others as selfish. The origins of these cultural differences are discussed.

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confidence: 99%

Cultural similarities and differences in lay theories of altruism: Replication of Carlson and Zaki (2018) in a Japanese sample

Kawamura

Sasaki

Kusumi

2021

Asian J of Social Psycho

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“…Religion shown its immense influence not only on the level of religiosity but also on emotions, morality and even on views that determine values and attitudes of healthy behaviours (Clobert 2021;D et al 2014). According to Kirkpatrick (2019), religiosity and individual belief in God lead to commonplace interpretation of God as a source of protection from diseases becasue God is the only hope for providing health and healing.…”

Section: Theology Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theology of health of Quranic pesantren in the time of COVID-19

Baidowi

Salehudin

Mustaqim

et al. 2021

HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies

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Applying the dormitory system for thousands of santri (student of Islamic boarding school in Indonesia), Quranic pesantren (Islamic boarding school) has been considered as one of the main culprits in the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Such assumption is created solely from the applicable health protocols and protective measures to avoid COVID-19 transmission in pesantren. As a matter of fact, pesantrens are known to have applied a distinctive way of coping with COVID-19. This study aims to elucidate the theology of health of Quranic pesantren in the face of COVID-19. Research data were generated through observational method on three Quranic pesantrens in Yogyakarta, interviews with caregivers, the COVID-19 task force of the pesantren, santri and documentation related to the handling of COVID-19 in the three pesantrens. The results showed that the Quranic pesantren as a subculture has a distinctive way of dealing with COVID-19 pandemic by integrating modified health protocols in accordance with the actual conditions of the pesantren and by applying rituals of Islamic spirituality by reciting verses of the Qur’an, salawat (prayers for the Prophet), prayers and hizib (prayer for salvation and rejecting calamities). Three pesantrens chose these methods by drawing on the belief that COVID-19 is God’s creature and, thus, it only works on God’s orders and will stop if God wills. In line with this, this study suggests a method for handling COVID-19 by not only emphasising the health protocols and medical procedures but also taking into account the importance of local wisdom.Contribution statement: This article contributes to the strategy of COVID-19 handling by combining the health protocols of COVID-19 and the applicable local wisdom, such as religious ritual as practiced by numerous pesantren in Indonesia.

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“…However, our findings reveal that, for Buddhists, whether their spouses have the same religion is not related to their marital satisfaction. Although there has been debate on whether religion influences individuals similarly across different social and cultural contexts, there has been the argument that some religious effects that have been observed and considered classical in Western Christian cultures, might be weaker or even absent in non-Christian cultural and religious context (Clobert 2021). This study backs up this assertion by showing that the association between religious accordance and marital satisfaction differs between Christianity and Buddhism, suggesting that the varied religious doctrines and teaching (e.g., degree of emphasis on marriage and love) between Christianity and Buddhism may even influence marital relationships in different ways.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religious Homogamy and Marital Satisfaction in South Korea: Exploring Variations across Religious Groups

Lee

2023

Scientific Study of Religion

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This study examines whether and how the association between religious homogamy (i.e., whether spouses have the same religious affiliation) and marital satisfaction varies across religious affiliations by utilizing a unique context that four large religious groups (i.e., Buddhists, Protestants, Catholics, and religious nones) coexist in South Korea. Our results show that while religious homogamy has a positive relationship with marital satisfaction among Protestants and Catholics, there is no such association among Buddhists. This study also reveals that higher levels of religious attendance intensify the positive relationship between religious homogamy and marital satisfaction only among Protestants. Moreover, religious heterogamy is positively associated with marital relationships among religious nones compared to religious homogamy. However, this pattern held only for religious nones who married Buddhists or Catholics. We discuss the implications of our findings for research on religion and marriage from cross‐cultural perspectives.

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East versus West: psychology of religion in East Asian cultures

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Cultural similarities and differences in lay theories of altruism: Replication of Carlson and Zaki (2018) in a Japanese sample

Cultural similarities and differences in lay theories of altruism: Replication of Carlson and Zaki (2018) in a Japanese sample

Theology of health of Quranic pesantren in the time of COVID-19

Religious Homogamy and Marital Satisfaction in South Korea: Exploring Variations across Religious Groups

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