Earthworm Interactions with Soil Enzymes

Kizilkaya, Rıdvan; Karaca, Ayten; Turgay, Oğuz Can; Çetin, Sema Camcı

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-14636-7_9

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…It is generally accepted that soil enzymes come mainly from microbes (Burns et al, 2013), so it is reasonable to expect that microbial proliferation during bioremediation should trigger an increase of soil enzyme activities. Indeed, some studies have demonstrated that proliferation of soil microbes associated with soil-dwelling earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Metaphire guillelmi), increases enzyme activities related to C, N and P cycling (Tao et al, 2009;Kizilkaya et al, 2010;Dempsey et al, 2013). Despite this direct relationship, no studies have examined such functional association during bioremediation of pesticide-contaminated soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Sánchez-Hernández

Pino

Capowiez

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Earthworms contribute, directly and indirectly, to contaminant biodegradation. However, most of bioremediation studies using these annelids focus on pollutant dissipation, thus disregarding the health status of the organism implied in bioremediation as well as the recovery of indicators of soil quality. A microcosm study was performed using Lumbricus terrestris to determine whether earthworm density (2 or 4individuals/kg wet soil) and the time of exposure (1, 2, 6, 12, and 18wk) could affect chlorpyrifos persistence in soil initially treated with 20mg active ingredientkg wet soil. Additionally, selected earthworm biomarkers and soil enzyme activities were measured as indicators of earthworm health and soil quality, respectively. After an 18-wk incubation period, no earthworm was killed by the pesticide, but clear signs of severe intoxication were detected, i.e., 90% inhibition in muscle acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterase (CbE) activities. Unexpectedly, the earthworm density had no significant impact on chlorpyrifos dissipation rate, for which the measured half-life ranged between 30.3d (control soils) and 44.5d (low earthworm density) or 36.7d (high earthworm density). The dynamic response of several soil enzymes to chlorpyrifos exposure was examined calculating the geometric mean and the treated-soil quality index, which are common enzyme-based indexes of microbial functional diversity. Both indexes showed a significant and linear increase of the global enzyme response after 6wk of chlorpyrifos treatment in the presence of earthworms. Examination of individual enzymes revealed that soil CbE activity could decrease chlorpyrifos-oxon impact upon the rest of enzyme activities. Although L. terrestris was found not to accelerate chlorpyrifos dissipation, a significant increase in the activity of soil enzyme activities was achieved compared with earthworm-free, chlorpyrifos-treated soils. Therefore, the inoculation of organophosphorus-contaminated soils with L. terrestris arises as a complementary bioremediation strategy in terms of recovery of soil biochemical performance and quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Sánchez-Hernández

Pino

Capowiez

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Fluctuations on ground-dwelling invertebrates, such as small arthropods and earthworms, may decrease or increase food availability to adults and subadults (e.g. Vannier 1983, Kizilkaya et al 2011). However, given body size constraint, fluctuations in the abundance of micro-arthropods may increase or decrease food supply to juveniles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population dynamics and reproductive phenology of a harvestman in a tidal freshwater wetland

Iglesias

Pereyra

2020

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…In different pedoecosystems they enhanced mineralisation and nutrient availability in soil (12,6,13). They contribute to soil aeration, drainage and transformation of plant vitals (minerals and nutrients) to accessible forms, thus making the soil favorable for enhanced crop yield (14,15,16 Gupta et al (24) vermicomposed water hyacinth using E. fetida, reported its effective conversion when water hyacinth was mixed with 25% of cow dung (dry weight). Kostecka and Kaniuczak (25) vermicomposted Lemna minor (Duck weed) in small containers using E. fetida and recorded increase in earthworm number and biomass in containers with duckweed and manure dung than in containers with pure duckweed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Sannigrahi (26) noxious aquatic weeds-water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes), water hyacinth (E. crassipes) and cattail (Typha angustata) could be managed beneficially by converting them into good quality vermicompost within 2 to 3 months using P. excavates. Chauhan and Joshi (27) vermicomposted noxious weedwater hyacinth (E. crassipes) by using E. fetida and results showed an increase in NPK and decrease in carbon and carbon:nitrogen ratio in the (14) studied the potential of E. fetida to manage/recycle the different macrophytes in different combinations during two months experimentation and concluded that nature of weed affect E. fetida in terms of growth and reproduction, which in turn determines its recycling rate as ascertained by principal component analysis (PCA). Umavathi et al (33) studied the vermicompost from the aquatic weed E. crassipes by employing the earthworm E. eugeniae and concluded that nutrients content of E. crassipes digested vermicompost were enhanced by the earthworm's digestive enzymes and gut microbes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vermicomposting of aquatic weeds: A quick review

Najar¹

2017

Plant Sci. Today

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Aquatic plants play an important role in ecosystem functioning and services but they can also be deleterious if present in excess. The different anthropogenic activities result in accumulation of nutrients in aquatic ecosystems leads to eutrophication with massive weed growth and associated diverse adverse effects. Effective control/management of weeds in different aquatic systems is not only difficult but of short duration. The commonly used methods to manage/control the aquatic weeds are biological, chemical and mechanical, in addition to habitat manipulation. However, these methods can be highly disruptive causing adverse environmental effects and are relatively inefficient. On the other hand different species of earthworms can feed on wide range of weeds and convert them into stable product called vermicompost, rich in plant nutrients. Among different aquatic weeds the most extensively vermicomposted weed is water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms), using different earthworm species. Among different earthworm species used for vermicomposting of aquatic weeds, Eisenia fetida (Savigny) is the most commonly used species. Vermicomposting is an efficient ecobiotechnological process that converts the aquatic weeds into nutrient rich material that can acts as suitable plant growth media for sustainable agroecosystems. Further large scale utilization of aquatic weed based vermicompost in horticulture can solve their management and disposal issues along with restoration of organic matter and nutrient depletion at low input basis.

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Earthworm Interactions with Soil Enzymes

Cited by 21 publications

References 95 publications

Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Soil enzyme dynamics in chlorpyrifos-treated soils under the influence of earthworms

Population dynamics and reproductive phenology of a harvestman in a tidal freshwater wetland

Vermicomposting of aquatic weeds: A quick review

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