Earthworm activity increases pesticide-sensitive esterases in soil

Sánchez-Hernández, Juan C.; Martínez-Morcillo, Salomé; Pino, Jesús Santiago Notario del; Ruiz, P. Martinez

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.015

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The enzymes and the other variables investigated in the present study have not been included together in previous work. Sanchez-Hernandez et al (2014), in a previous study with Lumbricus terrestris earthworms, applied 4 mg/kg chlorpyrifos on to soils and reported carboxylesterase enzyme activity 2 and 6 days after the treatments respectively as between 40-72% and between 37-53%.…”

Section: Changes In Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of Pesticides (Chlorpyrifos, Glyphosate) Applied to Soil on Earthworm Behaviors and Some Soil Biological Parameters

Türkmen

Özkan

Özçelik

et al. 2020

Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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Pesticides are directly applied to soils or plants to improve yields. A significant portion of pesticides applied to plants also passes to soils. The number of works investigating the effects of pesticides on earthworms is quite limited. In this study, two doses of chlorpyrifos and glyphosate pesticides (recommended and double of recommended dose) were incorporated into the soil and served for the preference of earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in 2D (2-dimensions) terrarium. Changes in gallery areas, microorganism counts, catalase and urease enzyme activities were investigated. While the differences in gallery areas of untreated soil in both sides of 2D terrariums were not significant (p>0.05), the differences in gallery areas of chlorpyrifos-treated and untreated soils were significant (p=0.0298). Gallery areas at double dose of chlorpyrifos were greater than the control treatment (p=0.0323). The effects of glyphosate treatments on gallery areas were also insignificant (p>0.05). Increases were observed in microorganism counts with the recommended dose of chlorpyrifos (p=0.0074), but the differences were not significant at the double dose of chlorpyrifos. The double dose of glyphosate treatments significantly decreased microorganism counts (p=0.0273). While the double dose of chlorpyrifos significantly increased catalase enzyme activity (p=0.0041), the effects of chlorpyrifos and glyphosate treatments on urease enzyme activities were not significant (p>0.05). Here we demostrated that such as a method can also be used in soil quality, soil pollution, soil fertility and soil ecology studies which have gained a great significance for sustainable environment and agriculture.

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Section: Changes In Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of Pesticides (Chlorpyrifos, Glyphosate) Applied to Soil on Earthworm Behaviors and Some Soil Biological Parameters

Türkmen

Özkan

Özçelik

et al. 2020

Türk Tarım Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi

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“…Extracellular detoxification reduces intestinal uptake of these hazardous compounds. Sanchez-Hernandez et al (2014) found that luminal carboxylesterases are effective molecular scavengers of chlorpyrifos if the organophosphorus pesticide has been converted to the hazardous metabolite chlorpyrifosoxon. Earthworm activity, on the other hand, has been shown in certain experiments to have no effect on pesticide persistence in the soil (Sanchez-Hernandez et al, 2018).…”

Section: Internal Processes Of Pesticide Detoxificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, as organic matter accumulates in these microsites, hydrophobic pesticides bind to organic ligands, decreasing their bioavailability to microorganisms (biodegradation) and increasing their persistence. Second, earthworm activity may promote the growth of native soil microbes that can breakdown pesticides (Sanchez-Hernandez et al, 2014;Katagi and Ose, 2015). Extracellular enzymes such as laccases, peroxidases, and carboxylesterases can metabolise phenolic chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, azo dyes, and pesticides with a variety of chemical structures (Gianfreda et al, 2016).…”

Section: External Processes Of Pesticide Detoxificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil carboxylesterase activity can hydrolyze malathion and many organophosphate pesticides. The stability and reactivity of carboxylesterases in soils infected with earthworms have been studied (Sanchez-Hernandez et al, 2014). In comparison to earthworm-free soils, L. terrestris induced soil carboxylesterase activity.…”

Section: External Processes Of Pesticide Detoxificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluating earthworms as candidates for remediating pesticide contaminated agricultural soil: A review

Mishra

Samal

2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Alterations of soil characteristics that result in reduction in ecosystem services invariably cause soil quality degradation. Such changes could be caused due to a variety of stressors, which might be physical, chemical, or biological and come from both anthropogenic and natural causes. Out of the wide variety of soil pollutants, agrochemicals contaminate soil biota the most. Numerous research’ findings have confirmed that soil has been the most preferred site for the disposal of xenobiotics and therefore is likely to be the source of contamination for other natural resources like ground and surface waters. The ecological risk associated with contaminated soils depends on many physicochemical and biological processes that govern the transport and transformation of pesticides. Nevertheless, the persistence of pesticides in soil is a serious threat to both below and above ground organisms which play key roles in sustaining soil functions. One of the viable methods to decontaminate soil is by utilizing living soil biota selectively. This process called. Bioremediation has traditionally been employed to remove chemical residues from soil or to lessen their toxicity levels. Although microbes have been extensively used for bioremediation, chemical breakdown and remediation are significantly aided by certain dominant soil fauna, such as earthworms. Since they modify soil quality, earthworms are regarded as soil engineers. Earthworms can participate in the degradation of pesticide residues, either directly through the release of detoxifying enzymes in their gut or indirectly through their positive influence on microbial populations which could degrade pesticides. The earthworm supported pesticide degradation is largely confined to the gut microenvironment and the soil processed by the worms. The impact of earthworm species on pesticide degradation is widely variable which could be related to their feeding habits and microhabitats. Molecular docking studies have provided evidence in support of binding of organic molecules with agrochemicals. High level of organic matter in soil is expected to increase the binding of hydrophobic pesticides to organic ligands with consequent reduction in their bioavailability to microorganisms and increasing their persistence. Activities of earthworms is likely to induce growth of aerobic microbes capable of pesticide degradation. Among the various earthworm species, Lumbricus terrestris, Perionyx excavatus and Metaphire posthuma have shown promising results as remediating agents of pesticides contaminating farm soils. The present article focuses on the remediation process of hazardous pesticide polluted soil using biological agent like earthworm. This approach may be both efficient and environmentally beneficial.

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“…Reinecke and Reinecke 2004;Sanchez-Hernandez 2006;Zhou et al 2007;Schreck et al 2008;Hirano and Tamae 2011;Lionetto et al 2012). In addition to the beneficial effects on soil functioning and common usage as model organisms in ecotoxicological investigations, it has been shown that earthworms act as promoters of soil enzyme activities (Tao et al 2009;Jusselme et al 2013;Sanchez-Hernandez et al 2014). Since it was demonstrated that earthworms also increase activities of pesticide-detoxifying esterases in soil, the presence of earthworms could have direct benefit for pesticide bioremediation (Sanchez-Hernandez et al 2014).…”

Section: Role Of Earthworms In Soil Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Important Issues in Ecotoxicological Investigations Using Earthworms

Velki

Ečimović

2016

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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The importance and beneficial effects of earthworms on soil structure and quality is well-established. In addition, earthworms have proved to be important model organisms for investigation of pollutant effects on soil ecosystems. In ecotoxicological investigations effects of various pollutants on earthworms were assessed. But some important issues regarding the effects of pollutants on earthworms still need to be comprehensively addressed. In this review several issues relevant to soil ecotoxicological investigations using earthworms are emphasized and guidelines that should be adopted in ecotoxicological investigations using earthworms are given. The inclusion of these guidelines in ecotoxicological studies will contribute to the better quantification of impacts of pollutants and will allow more accurate prediction of the real field effects of pollutants to earthworms.

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Earthworm activity increases pesticide-sensitive esterases in soil

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of Pesticides (Chlorpyrifos, Glyphosate) Applied to Soil on Earthworm Behaviors and Some Soil Biological Parameters

Effects of Pesticides (Chlorpyrifos, Glyphosate) Applied to Soil on Earthworm Behaviors and Some Soil Biological Parameters

Evaluating earthworms as candidates for remediating pesticide contaminated agricultural soil: A review

Important Issues in Ecotoxicological Investigations Using Earthworms

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