Earthquake-related ground motion and groundwater pressure change at the Kamaishi Mine

Shimizu, Isao; Osawa, Haruki; Seo, Toshihiro; Yasuike, Shinji; Sasaki, Seigo

doi:10.1016/0013-7952(96)00054-3

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Knowledge of the time scale of fracture healing following an earthquake is, for example, critical if we are to reliably verify the safety of geologic repositories intended for the long‐term storage of nuclear and other forms of hazardous waste. This is because rupturing of a hydrological barrier can result in leakage of contaminated groundwater from the waste site and its spread to surrounding areas [ Kangas and Lund , ; Rehbinder and Isaksson , ; Schimizu et al ., ; Favara et al ., ; Gascoyne , ; King et al ., ]. In our study, we identify the mechanism and measure the time scale of fracture healing following an M 5.8 earthquake, which occurred within the Tjörnes Fracture Zone (TFZ), northern Iceland, on 16 September 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An earthquake can modify the hydrological properties of the volume of rock surrounding its focus [ Rojstaczer and Wolf , ; Tsunogai and Wakita , ; Shimizu et al ., ; Toutain et al ., ; Claesson et al ., , ; Ingebritsen et al ., ; Hartmann , ]. This can occur by the opening of new fractures or the reopening of existing fractures, providing new pathways for groundwater flow [ Rojstaczer et al ., ; Tokunaga , ; Claesson et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Hydrochemical monitoring, petrological observation, and geochemical modeling of fault healing after an earthquake

et al. 2014

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Based on hydrochemical monitoring, petrological observations, and geochemical modeling, we identify a mechanism and estimate a time scale for fault healing after an earthquake. Hydrochemical monitoring of groundwater samples from an aquifer, which is at an approximate depth of 1200 m, was conducted over a period of 10 years. Groundwater samples have been taken from a borehole (HU-01) that crosses the Húsavík-Flatey Fault (HFF) near Húsavík town, northern Iceland. After 10 weeks of sampling, on 16 September 2002, an M 5.8 earthquake occurred on the Grimsey Lineament, which is approximately parallel to the HFF. This earthquake caused rupturing of a hydrological barrier resulting in an influx of groundwater from a second aquifer, which was recorded by 15-20% concentration increases for some cations and anions. This was followed by hydrochemical recovery. Based on petrological observations of tectonically exhumed fault rocks, we conclude that hydrochemical recovery recorded fault healing by precipitation of secondary minerals along fractures. Because hydrochemical recovery accelerated with time, we conclude that the growth rate of these minerals was controlled by reaction rates at mineral-water interfaces. Geochemical modeling confirmed that the secondary minerals which formed along fractures were saturated in the sampled groundwater. Fault healing and therefore hydrochemical recovery was periodically interrupted by refracturing events. Supported by field and petrographic evidence, we conclude that these events were caused by changes of fluid pressure probably coupled with earthquakes. These events became successively smaller as groundwater flux decreased with time. Despite refracturing, hydrochemical recovery reached completion 8-10 years after the earthquake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Hydrochemical monitoring, petrological observation, and geochemical modeling of fault healing after an earthquake

et al. 2014

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“…Various studies have analysed how the acceleration of seismic waves changes with depth in mines and boreholes (Shimizu et al 1996 ; Hu and Xie 2004 ; Iwasaki et al 1977 ; Lednická and Kaláb 2016 ). Based on these measurements, we deduce that the PGA of seismic waves at 150–200-m depth should be attenuated by a factor of about 2.5–3 compared to the surface.…”

Section: Attenuation Of Seismic Waves With Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the upper limit of prehistoric peak ground acceleration using an in situ, intact and vulnerable stalagmite from Plavecká priepast cave (Detrekői-zsomboly), Little Carpathians, Slovakia—first results

et al. 2017

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Earthquakes hit urban centres in Europe infrequently, but occasionally with disastrous effects. Obtaining an unbiased view of seismic hazard (and risk) is therefore very important. In principle, the best way to test probabilistic seismic hazard assessments (PSHAs) is to compare them with observations that are entirely independent of the procedure used to produce PSHA models. Arguably, the most valuable information in this context should be information on long-term hazard, namely maximum intensities (or magnitudes) occurring over time intervals that are at least as long as a seismic cycle. The new observations can provide information of maximum intensity (or magnitude) for long timescale as an input data for PSHA studies as well. Long-term information can be gained from intact stalagmites in natural caves. These formations survived all earthquakes that have occurred over thousands of years, depending on the age of the stalagmite. Their 'survival' requires that the horizontal ground acceleration (HGA) has never exceeded a certain critical value within that time period. Here, we present such a stalagmite-based case study from the Little Carpathians of Slovakia. A specially shaped, intact and vulnerable stalagmite in the Plavecká priepast cave was examined in 2013. This stalagmite is suitable for estimating the upper limit of horizontal peak ground acceleration generated by prehistoric earthquakes. The critical HGA values as a function of time going back into the past determined from the stalagmite that we investigated are presented. on the location of the Plavecká priepast cave is consistent with the critical HGA value provided by the stalagmite we investigated.The approach used in this study yields significant new constraints on the seismic hazard, as tectonic structures close to Plavecká priepast cave did not generate strong earthquakes in the last few thousand years. The results of this study are highly relevant given that the two capitals, Vienna and Bratislava, are located within 40 and 70 km of the cave, respectively.

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“…The most frequently studied geochemical phenomena have been concentrations of dissolved gas and ions in groundwater and variations in concentra-tions of crustal and mantle volatiles in ground gases. (Wakita, 1978;King, 1980;Nakamura and Wakita, 1985;Wakita et al, 1985Wakita et al, , 1986Thomas, 1988;King et al, 1994;Koch and Heinicke, 1994;Dongarra et al, 1995;Heinicke et al, 1995;Igarashi et al, 1995;Shimizu et al, 1996;Monnin and Seidel, 1997;Bella et al, 1998;Di Bello et al, 1998;Woith et al, 1998;Singh et al, 1999;Zhang, 1999;Biagi et al, 2000;Heinicke et al, 2000;Favara et al, 2001;Koch et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and geophysical monitoring of thermal waters in Sloveniain relation to seismic activity

Popit

Vaupotič

Dolenec

2009

Annals of Geophysics

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Pre-seismic related strains in the Earth's crust are the main cause of the observed geophysical and geochemical anomalies in ground waters preceding an earthquake. Posočje Region, situated along the Soča River, is one of the most seismically active areas of Slovenia. Our measuring stations close to the Posočje Region were installed in the thermal springs at Bled in 1998 and at Zatolmin in 1999. Since the beginning of our survey, radon concentration, electrical conductivity and water temperature have been measured continuously once every hour. In May 2002, the number of geochemical parameters monitored was extended to ionic concentration, pH and Eh, which are analysed once a month. Before seeking a correlation between geochemical and geophysical anomalies with seismic events, the influence of meteorological (atmospheric precipitation, barometric pressure) and hydrological (water table of the Tolminka River) factors on observed anomalies were studied. Results at Zatolmin showed that some radon variation during the period from June to October 2002 may be related to seismic activity and not only to meteorological effects.

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Earthquake-related ground motion and groundwater pressure change at the Kamaishi Mine

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Hydrochemical monitoring, petrological observation, and geochemical modeling of fault healing after an earthquake

Hydrochemical monitoring, petrological observation, and geochemical modeling of fault healing after an earthquake

Estimating the upper limit of prehistoric peak ground acceleration using an in situ, intact and vulnerable stalagmite from Plavecká priepast cave (Detrekői-zsomboly), Little Carpathians, Slovakia—first results

Geochemical and geophysical monitoring of thermal waters in Sloveniain relation to seismic activity

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