Earthquake Load for Structural Reliability

Kuwamura, Hitoshi; Galambos, Theodore V.

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1989)115:6(1446)

Cited by 115 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For convenience, E D / E I can be expressed in terms of the equivalent velocities by V D / V E . Past studies [Akiyama 1985;Kuwamura, Galambos 1989;Kuwamura et al 1994;Fajfar, Vidic 1994;Manfredi 1995;Lawson, Krawinkler 1995;Teran-Gilmore 1996;Decanini, Mollaioli 2001;Benavent et al 2002 and show that V D / V E depends mainly on damping and ductility, and put forth empirical expressions of the ratio V D / V E in terms of damping and ductility parameters. The present contribution proposes a new criterion to estimate V D / V E that accounts for the characteristics of the above eight groups considered.…”

Section: Seismic Design Based On Input Energy Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design energy input spectra for high seismicity regions based on Turkish registers

Almansa

Yazgan

Benavent‐Climent

2013

Bull Earthquake Eng

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SUMMARY:This work proposes design energy spectra in terms of an equivalent velocity, intended for regions with design peak acceleration 0.3 g or higher. These spectra were derived through linear and nonlinear dynamic analyses on a number of selected Turkish strong ground motion records. In the long and mid period ranges the analyses are linear, given the relative insensitivity of the spectra to structural parameters other than the fundamental period; conversely, in the short period range, the spectra are more sensitive to the structural parameters and, hence, nonlinear analyses are required. The selected records are classified in eight groups with respect to soil type (stiff or soft soil), the severity of the earthquake in terms of surface magnitude M s (M s  5.5 and M s > 5.5) and the relevance of the near-source effects (impulsive or vibratory). For each of these groups, median and characteristic spectra are proposed; such levels would respectively correspond to 50% and 95% percentiles. These spectra have an initial linear growing branch in the short period range, a horizontal branch in the mid period range and a descending branch in the long period range. Empirical criteria for estimating the hysteretic energy from the input energy are suggested. The proposed design spectra are compared with those obtained from other studies.

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Section: Seismic Design Based On Input Energy Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several empirical equations have been proposed in the literature to estimate V D / V E . Based on analyses of SDOF systems with elastic-perfectly-plastic restoring force characteristics, Akiyama [1985] and Kuwamura and Galambos [1989] respectively presented the following equations:…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design energy input spectra for high seismicity regions based on Turkish registers

Almansa

Yazgan

Benavent‐Climent

2013

Bull Earthquake Eng

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“…Consequently, the energy balance equation of an SDOF system can be written as in the form of its well-known expression from dynamics of structures as given in Eq. (1) [2,4,5,13,15,21,25,26,32,37,40,41,46]. In the basic energy balance equation; m is the seismic mass of the structure, c is the damping coefficient, u is the relative displacement of the system, fs is the restoring force, ( ) is the horizontal ground acceleration, ( ) is the relative velocity and ( ) is the relative acceleration of the system.…”

Section: Seismic Energy Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hysteretic Energy Demand in SDOF Structures Subjected to an Earthquake Excitation: Analytical and Empirical Results

Uçar

Merter

2018

SDÜ Fen Bil Enst Der

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Abstract:In energy-based seismic design approach, earthquake ground motion is considered as an energy input to structures. The earthquake input energy is the total of energy components such as kinetic energy, damping energy, elastic strain energy and hysteretic energy, which contributes the most to structural damage. In literature, there are many empirical formulas based on the hysteretic model, damping ratio and ductility in order to estimate hysteretic energy, whereas they do not directly consider the ground motion characteristics. This paper uses nonlinear time history (NLTH) analysis for energy calculations and presents the distribution of earthquake input energy and hysteretic energy of single-degree-offreedom (SDOF) systems over the ground motion duration. Seven real earthquakes recorded on the same soil profile and three different bilinear SDOF systems having constant ductility ratio and different natural periods are selected to perform NLTH analyses. As results of nonlinear dynamic analyses, input and hysteretic energies per unit masses are graphically obtained. The hysteretic energy to input energy ratio (EH/EI) is investigated, as well as the ratio of other energy components to energy input. EH/EI ratios of NLTH analysis are compared to the results of empirical approximations related EH/EI ratio and a reasonable agreement is observed. The average of EH/EI ratio is found to be between 0.468 and 0.488 meaning nearly half of the earthquake energy input is dissipated through the hysteretic behavior.

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“…También el diseñador tiene la opción de intentar disminuir E I haciendo uso de las técnicas de aislamiento de base sísmica, no recomendables para suelos blandos como los del Distrito Federal (Bertero, 2000). Para ello es importante conocer los espectros elásticos e inelásticos para E I (Akiyama, 1985;Kuwamura y Galambos, 1989;Fajfar y Vidic, 1994) y otros tipos de energía involucrados en la ecuación de balance de energía. La energía histerética (E H ) proporciona una idea del número promedio y magnitud promedio de los ciclos en que la estructura incursiona en su rango plástico.…”

Section: Energía En Estructurasunclassified

Espectros De Energía De Movimientos Fuertes Registrados en México

Garnica¹,

Angulo²

2002

RIS

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(1) (2) RESUMENSe hace un análisis de la energía obtenida a partir de acelerogramas de algunos sismos fuertes obtenidos en la zona epicentral y en el valle de México. Primero se comparan los espectros de energía de entrada de algunos registros cercanos al epicentro con los espectros de respuesta de aceleración y de velocidad y se correlacionan cualitativamente con el daño. Se analiza la ecuación de energía, las definiciones de energía absoluta y relativa y la variación de éstas en el tiempo. Para sitios instrumentados en zona de lago del valle de México se comentan brevemente las características de atenuación y la variación de energía con la magnitud y dirección del movimiento. Además, se comenta la variación de los espectros de energía de entrada y de histéresis con la resistencia y con la demanda de ductilidad. Por último, se presentan los espectros elásticos de energía de entrada y de energía histerética normalizada para el sismo del 25 de abril de 1989 y los correspondientes mapas con curvas de igual energía para cuatro diferentes periodos estructurales. También se presentan curvas de igual energía y periodo estructural de dos segundos para cuatro sismos que tuvieron una intensidad importante en el valle de México. SUMMARYAn analysis of the input energy in the valley of Mexico for some strong earthquakes is presented. Input-energy, acceleration and velocity response spectra of epicentral stations are qualitatively correlated with the damage. Some results were included to discuss the definitions of absolute and relative energy and the time variation of the energy. The attenuation characteristics and the energy variation with magnitude and direction of motion for places at the lakebed zone of the valley of Mexico are briefly commented. Besides, the variation of the input energy spectra and the hysteresis spectra with respect to the strength and ductility demand is commented. Finally, the elastic spectra of input energy and normalized hysteretic energy for the earthquake of April 25 1989 and the corresponding maps with curves of equal energy for four structural periods are shown. These curves are drawn for a structural period of two seconds for four earthquakes that had an important intensity in the valley of Mexico.

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Earthquake Load for Structural Reliability

Cited by 115 publications

References 6 publications

Design energy input spectra for high seismicity regions based on Turkish registers

Design energy input spectra for high seismicity regions based on Turkish registers

Hysteretic Energy Demand in SDOF Structures Subjected to an Earthquake Excitation: Analytical and Empirical Results

Espectros De Energía De Movimientos Fuertes Registrados en México

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