Earthquake fingerprints along fault scarps: A case study of the Irpinia 1980 earthquake fault (southern Apennines)

Galli, Paolo; Peronace, Edoardo; Quadrio, Bruno; Esposito, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2013.09.023

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Then, Galli et al . [] provided a contemporary account (previously unknown to us) that demonstrates that at least the NW part of the MMFS fault system underwent a dip‐slip coseismic rupture on 8 September 1694. This contemporary account “described an 18 km long chasm that opened along the northeastern spurs of the Mount Cervialto group”; for this, Galli et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This contemporary account “described an 18 km long chasm that opened along the northeastern spurs of the Mount Cervialto group”; for this, Galli et al . [] quote the Vera e distinta relazione [] printed 37 days after the earthquake (“True and minute report,” in the wording of the time). This fault is observed in the most NW part of the MMFS, where this fault system crosses the NE declivity of the Mount Cervialto massif.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, Galli et al . [] extended the three segments in a continuous 10 km long fault, but no researchers have been able to find the rest of the 1694 rupture. However, this lack of success is not surprising because erosion and weathering progressively obscure surface ruptures [ Stirling et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, both mechanisms (transtensional and pure normal) are justified by the general seismotectonic context and could be compatible with the paleoseismological findings by Galli et al . [], although with some preference for the pure dip‐slip mechanism. However, we presented both solutions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[] and M w = 7.0 in Galli et al . []; M w is the moment magnitude from the intensity data; see Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensity‐based source inversion of the destructive earthquake of 1694 in the southern Apennines, Italy

2013

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[1] We inverted the regional pattern of intensities of the catastrophic earthquake of 1694 in the southern Apennines and determined the geometrical and kinematic characteristics of its source, including the double-couple orientation (strike angle 299°± 10°, dip 54°± 12°, and rake 309°± 11°; pure dip-slip solution not precluded). The objective nonlinear inversion was performed using the simple 11 parameter kinematic-function model (KF) with a niching genetic algorithm technique. The similarity between the pattern of the field intensities of the 1694 earthquake and the synthetic pattern is striking. This result is supported by the fact that our inversion technique was verified in the study area, where it was able to again find the source of the M s 6.9 Irpinia 1980 earthquake, known from instruments and from field surveys of the rupture. This type of inversion enables researchers to exploit the extensive intensity data from Italy and other countries to extend the knowledge of seismotectonic activity to preinstrumental times. New paleoseismological evidence and even published descriptions of the fault rupture by witnesses of the 1694 earthquake were found, confirming our results. We also present and apply a new algorithm, of general interest, to calculate disorientations between double-couples via standard linear algebra. The 3-D rotations that bring the pairwise orthogonal unit vectors that were estimated by our intensity inversion into the instrumental triples of the 1980 Irpinia earthquake, assumed as benchmarks, provide verification of our algorithm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[] and M w = 7.0 in Galli et al . []; M w is the moment magnitude from the intensity data; see Figure ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensity‐based source inversion of the destructive earthquake of 1694 in the southern Apennines, Italy

2013

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Source inversion of the 1570 Ferrara earthquake and definitive diversion of the Po River (Italy)

Sirovich

Pettenati

2015

JGR Solid Earth

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An 11‐parameter, kinematic‐function (KF) model was used to retrieve the approximate geometrical and kinematic characteristics of the fault source of the 1570 Mw 5.8 Ferrara earthquake in the Po Plain, including the double‐couple orientation (strike angle 127 ± 16°, dip 28 ± 7°, and rake 77 ± 16°). These results are compatible with either the outermost thrust fronts of the northern Apennines, which are buried beneath the Po Plain's alluvial deposits, or the blind crustal‐scale thrust. The 1570 event developed to the ENE of the two main shocks on 20 May 2012 (M 6.1) and 29 May 2012 (M 5.9). The three earthquakes had similar kinematics and are found 20–30 km from each other en echelon in the buried chain. Geomorphological and historical evidence exist which suggest the following: (i) the long‐lasting uplift of the buried Apenninic front shifted the central part of the course of the Po River approximately 20 km northward in historical times and (ii) the 1570 earthquake marked the definitive diversion of the final part of the Po River away from Ferrara and the closure of the Po delta 40 km south of its present position.

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The Influences of Destruction Effects of Earthquake Faults on the Dynamic Stability of Highway Slopes

Chen

et al. 2016

Geotech Geol Eng

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Earthquake fingerprints along fault scarps: A case study of the Irpinia 1980 earthquake fault (southern Apennines)

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Intensity‐based source inversion of the destructive earthquake of 1694 in the southern Apennines, Italy

Intensity‐based source inversion of the destructive earthquake of 1694 in the southern Apennines, Italy

Source inversion of the 1570 Ferrara earthquake and definitive diversion of the Po River (Italy)

The Influences of Destruction Effects of Earthquake Faults on the Dynamic Stability of Highway Slopes

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