Earthquake early warning application to buildings

Cheng, Ming; Wu, S. C.; Heaton, Thomas H.; Beck, James L.

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.12.033

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…During the last decade, in order to increase the efficiency of EEWSs, an end-to-end approach where the concept of early warning was coupled with the expected structural performance has been under development (e.g., [ 19 ]). Following this approach, early warning, structural analysis, and damage and loss analyses are combined within a performance-based framework upon which a decision-making procedure can be established (e.g., [ 20 , 21 ]). Exploiting the computational power of modern sensing units, such as those used in the MPwise units, the implementation of this concept can be transferred to each unit, following a decentralized performance-based early warning scheme (see [ 6 ] Figure 4 ).…”

Section: Applications: Earthquake Early Warning In Kyrgyzstanmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multi-Parameter Wireless Sensing System (MPwise): Its Description and Application to Earthquake Risk Mitigation

Boxberger

Fleming

Pittore

et al. 2017

Sensors

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The Multi-Parameter Wireless Sensing (MPwise) system is an innovative instrumental design that allows different sensor types to be combined with relatively high-performance computing and communications components. These units, which incorporate off-the-shelf components, can undertake complex information integration and processing tasks at the individual unit or node level (when used in a network), allowing the establishment of networks that are linked by advanced, robust and rapid communications routing and network topologies. The system (and its predecessors) was originally designed for earthquake risk mitigation, including earthquake early warning (EEW), rapid response actions, structural health monitoring, and site-effect characterization. For EEW, MPwise units are capable of on-site, decentralized, independent analysis of the recorded ground motion and based on this, may issue an appropriate warning, either by the unit itself or transmitted throughout a network by dedicated alarming procedures. The multi-sensor capabilities of the system allow it to be instrumented with standard strong- and weak-motion sensors, broadband sensors, MEMS (namely accelerometers), cameras, temperature and humidity sensors, and GNSS receivers. In this work, the MPwise hardware, software and communications schema are described, as well as an overview of its possible applications. While focusing on earthquake risk mitigation actions, the aim in the future is to expand its capabilities towards a more multi-hazard and risk mitigation role. Overall, MPwise offers considerable flexibility and has great potential in contributing to natural hazard risk mitigation.

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Section: Applications: Earthquake Early Warning In Kyrgyzstanmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multi-Parameter Wireless Sensing System (MPwise): Its Description and Application to Earthquake Risk Mitigation

Boxberger

Fleming

Pittore

et al. 2017

Sensors

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“…The expected peak floor acceleration is calculated based on the EEW information, a ground motion prediction equation, and a lumped-mass building model. In contrast, Cheng et al (2014) conducted a study on elevator control that used a performance-based earthquake engineering framework and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Their study presents a probability-based approach that utilizes data from the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program database.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Engineering Application of Earthquake Early Warning: ePAD-Based Decision Framework for Elevator Control

Cheng

Beck

et al. 2016

J. Struct. Eng.

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In a medium-to-large earthquake, there are often reports of people being trapped or injured in elevators. This study investigates using an earthquake early warning (EEW) system, which provides seconds to tens of seconds warning before seismic waves arrive at a site, to help people escape from the elevators before a strong shaking arrives. However, such an application remains as a major engineering challenge due to the uncertainty of the EEW information and the short lead time available. A recent study presented an earthquake probability-based automated decision-making (ePAD) framework to address these issues. This paper focuses on studying the influence of two commonly ignored factors, uncertainty of warning and lead time, on the decision of stopping the elevators and opening the doors when an EEW message is received. Application of the ePAD framework requires using the performance-based earthquake engineering methodology for elevator damage prediction, making decision based on a cost-benefit model and reducing computational time with a surrogate model. The authors' results show that ePAD can provide rational decisions for elevator control based on EEW information under different amounts of lead time and uncertainty level of the warning.

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“…Recent studies have shown that predicting wave propagation in a building is feasible when using data collected from a seismometer outside of it (Snieder and Safak, 2006;Picozzi et al, 2011;Picozzi, 2012;Cheng et al, 2014). In this case, the earliest part of the response is simulated by assuming a vertically propagating shear wave, and the later portion is found using mode shapes derived from a beam model.…”

Section: Damage Forecasting-based Alarms and Risk Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the simulation of the shaking of a building at different floors can be realized by continuum structural models such as the shear beam model or the Timoshenko beam model (e.g., Cheng et al, 2014), for simple structures where the fundamental translational mode of vibration dominates, the shaking of the structure at the top floor can be simulated by implementing a recursive calculation of the acceleration and/or of the displacement that a single degree of freedom would experience at the same instant (e.g., Lee, 1990). This approach is reasonable for low-to-moderate height structures (∼1-5 stories) where the wave propagation time is much shorter than the impulse duration of the incoming (strong) ground motion.…”

Section: Real-time Forecasting Of Motion Using Simplified Building Momentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the concept of early warning was coupled with the estimation of expected structural performance (e.g., Cornell and Krawinkler, 2000;Iervolino, 2011;Wu, Beck, and Heaton, 2013). Following this approach, early warning, structural analysis, and damage and loss analyses are combined into a performance-based framework in which decision-making procedures can be established (e.g., Cheng et al, 2014). Exploiting the computational power of modern sensing units for building monitoring, the implementation of this concept can be transferred to each sensor, resulting in the creation of a decentralized performance-based early warning system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

On‐Site Early Warning and Rapid Damage Forecasting Using Single Stations: Outcomes from the REAKT Project

Parolai

Bindi

Boxberger

et al. 2015

Seismological Research Letters

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Earthquake early warning application to buildings

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

The Multi-Parameter Wireless Sensing System (MPwise): Its Description and Application to Earthquake Risk Mitigation

The Multi-Parameter Wireless Sensing System (MPwise): Its Description and Application to Earthquake Risk Mitigation

An Engineering Application of Earthquake Early Warning: ePAD-Based Decision Framework for Elevator Control

On‐Site Early Warning and Rapid Damage Forecasting Using Single Stations: Outcomes from the REAKT Project

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