Earthquake damage detection in the Imperial County Services Building III: Analysis of wave travel times via impulse response functions

Todorovska, Maria I.; Trifunac, Mihailo D.

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.07.001

Cited by 88 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Around 4 and 5 s (in Figure 9(a) this speed is about 45 m/s). At around 8.5 s, and 10.2 s (in Figure 9(b)), the speed is lower, about and show trends similar to what has been seen in other buildings damaged by strong-motion waves [24,25]. The typical velocities with which the normalized power propagated up the building are similar to the velocities of CDF1, which is also reproduced in Figures 9(a), (b).…”

Section: Energy and Power Capacities And Demands In The Buildingsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Gicˇev and Trifunac [18,19] used the energy and power of nonlinear waves to identify the location of damage. The first applications of the impulse-response functions computed by deconvolution [20] for detecting local changes in stiffness, and for earthquake damage detection in general, appeared in the studies of the seven-story Van Nuys Hotel [21,22] and the Imperial County Services Building [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rotations in a shear-beam model of a seven-story building caused by nonlinear waves during earthquake excitation

Gičev¹,

Trifunac

2009

Struct. Control Health Monit.

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SUMMARYWe model a seven-story, reinforced-concrete building in Van Nuys, CA, which was damaged during the 1994 Northridge earthquake. We use a one-dimensional, layered, shear-beam model with bi-linear material properties, and we examine how the rotations (local strains and drifts) in this model depend upon the distribution of the stiffness along the building height, the nonlinear properties of the reinforced concrete, and the nature of strong motion. We show how, following the powerful waves propagating up and down the building, point rotations take place that differ from the corresponding average drift angles. These point rotations are larger near the rigid floor slabs (near the top and bottom ends of the columns, shear walls, and nonstructural members found at all floors) and propagate as slow waves up and down the building. These slow rotational waves occur only while the material is experiencing large nonlinear deformations, and their amplitudes grow with ductility. We note that recording these rotational waves in real time may provide a powerful new vehicle for health monitoring of full-scale structures excited by large transient forces when their structural members enter large nonlinear deformations.

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Section: Energy and Power Capacities And Demands In The Buildingsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotations in a shear-beam model of a seven-story building caused by nonlinear waves during earthquake excitation

Gičev¹,

Trifunac

2009

Struct. Control Health Monit.

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“…The extracted vibration features and modal properties can then be used for detecting damage occurrence and/or location by comparing the identified modal properties with the original values. Meanwhile, there are methods that directly detect damage based on the measured date only, for example, using the moving time window technique to trace abrupt changes in the structural parameters [26], detecting novelties in the recorded seismic response by using expansion in a basis of bi-orthogonal wavelets [27], detecting damage based on changes in wave travel times between selected sections of a structure [28,29].…”

Section: Output-only Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The State-of-the-Art on Framework of Vibration-Based Structural Damage Identification for Decision Making

2017

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Abstract:Research on detecting structural damage at the earliest possible stage has been an interesting topic for decades. Among them, the vibration-based damage detection method as a global technique is especially pervasive. The present study reviewed the state-of-the-art on the framework of vibration-based damage identification in different levels including the prediction of the remaining useful life of structures and the decision making for proper actions. This framework consists of several major parts including the detection of damage occurrence using response-based methods, building reasonable structural models, selecting damage parameters and constructing objective functions with sensitivity analysis, adopting optimization techniques to solve the problem, predicting the remaining useful life of structures, and making decisions for the next actions. For each part, the commonly used methods were reviewed and the merits and drawbacks were summarized to give recommendations. This framework is aimed to guide the researchers and engineers to implement step by step the structure damage identification using vibration measurements. Finally, the future research work in this field is recommended.

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“…Furthermore, following equations (5) and (6), it can be concluded that the analytical FRFs depend on the relative mass density of the layers. To simplify the estimation process, the mass density of the top layer (i.e., layer #51) is set as a unit constant (i.e., 1 7 …”

Section: Numerical Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The velocity of shear waves, which are induced by seismic base excitation and propagating along the building height, can be estimated from the impulse response functions (IRFs) of the building structure, e.g., [1][2][3][4][5][6] to name only a few. Considering that the shear wave velocity is related to the lateral stiffness of the building structure, several studies have been able to detect structural damage in terms of loss of effective lateral stiffness by comparing estimated shear wave velocities from the pre-and post-damage IRFs (e.g., [7][8][9]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Estimation of Wave Dispersion for System Identification of Building Structures

Ebrahimian

Kohler

Massari

et al. 2017

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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The linear-elastic response of a building structure subjected to an earthquake base excitation can be approximated as the response of a continuous, spatially inhomogenous, dispersive, viscoelastic solid subjected to vertically incident plane shear waves. The frequency-dependent phase velocity and attenuation of seismic energy at different wavelengths, together with the inertial properties of the multilayer solid characterize the response of the building structure. The objective of this study is to identify the structural system by estimating the parameters that characterize the propagation of seismic waves in an equivalent multilayer viscoelastic solid. To pursue this objective, first, the measured dynamic responses of a building structure are used to derive the frequency response functions (FRFs) of the floor absolute acceleration with respect to the base excitation using a seismic interferometry approach. The FRFs obtained from the measured structural responses are then compared with the FRFs estimated using analytical models for one-dimensional shear wave propagation in a multilayer Kelvin-Voigt dispersive medium. Through a recursive Bayesian estimation approach, the parameters characterizing the phase velocity and damping ratio of the multilayer medium are estimated. This study provides a step forward in seismic interferometric identification of building structures by proposing a new method for parametric estimation of shear wave velocity and damping dispersion at the story level of a building structure. The estimated shear wave velocities before and after a damage-inducing event can be used to identify permanent loss of effective lateral stiffness of the building structure at the story level, thus can provide an alternative method for structural health monitoring and damage identification.

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Earthquake damage detection in the Imperial County Services Building III: Analysis of wave travel times via impulse response functions

Cited by 88 publications

References 22 publications

Rotations in a shear-beam model of a seven-story building caused by nonlinear waves during earthquake excitation

Rotations in a shear-beam model of a seven-story building caused by nonlinear waves during earthquake excitation

The State-of-the-Art on Framework of Vibration-Based Structural Damage Identification for Decision Making

Parametric Estimation of Wave Dispersion for System Identification of Building Structures

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