Earth pressure profiles in unsaturated soils under transient flow

Shahrokhabadi, Shahriar; Vahedifard, Farshid; Ghazanfari, Ehsan; Foroutan, Maziar

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105218

Cited by 45 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…With water infiltration, water content increases gradually, and the first principal stress is not much affected. In other words, the increase in soil weight as a result of water infiltration is not great; but the third principal stress (or lateral pressure) is affected considerably by water content, in agreement with laboratory test findings; i.e., lateral pressure of the middle and lower parts of the soil layers increases with increasing water content (Yang et al 2021;Shahrokhabadi et al 2019;Shao, 2017;Shao et al 2018).…”

Section: Variability Of Slope Displacementsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…According to Building Standard for Collapsible Loess Areas (GB50025-2018) for the soil under saturated gravity pressure, the collapse severity can be classified by the self-weight collapsibility coefficient (δzs ≥0.015): Heifangtai loess is self-weighted collapsible loess; soil samples from the irrigated area at depths of 5, 10, and 15 m are slightly collapsible; soil samples from the irrigated area at depths of 20 and 25 m are moderately collapsible loess, and the loess in the unirrigated area regardless of depth is highly collapsible, which is in agreement with previous research(Yang et al 2021;Shahrokhabadi et al 2019;Thomas et al 2018).…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

“…When subjected to an axial force, a soil sample will produce lateral deformation in addition to axial compression deformation. We assume that the rubber membrane and the water in the pressure chamber are incompressible, then the rubber membrane and water can act as a pressure transfer media, and, once the lateral pressure at the time at which lateral deformation occurs in a test soil sample is transferred in real-time to a pressure sensor, the variations in a lateral pressure of the test soil sample during collapse at variable axial pressures can be measured (Yang et al 2021;Shahrokhabadi et al 2019).…”

Section: Laboratory Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of collapse-type lateral pressure induced by irrigation

Xia

Zhu

2023

Preprint

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Loess collapse-type lateral pressure may have a landslide-promoting effect in loess slope areas. However, research on the magnitude and characteristics of collapse-type lateral pressure and its impact on slope stability remains blank. A study on the variability of loess collapse-type lateral pressure in the Heifangtai area and its sliding mechanism has been analyzed. Collapse tests and numerical simulations by FLAC3D of loess were conducted according to local safety field theory. The results indicate that Heifangtai loess is self-weighted collapsible loess; soil of the irrigated area at depths of 0-15 m are slightly collapsible; soil at depths of 20-25 m are moderately collapsible loess, and the loess in the unirrigated area regardless of depth is highly collapsible. As the depth or moisture content increases, the lateral pressure gradually increases, correspondingly the deformation becomes greater. In saturated state, the maximum lateral pressure reaches 123 kPa when collapsible deformation occurs, the collapse-type lateral pressure coefficient increases of up to 1.4 times, and horizontal deformation is also correspondingly large. As the water content of the slope increases from 4% to 20%, the total slope displacement increases from 12 mm to 140 mm and covers a large part of the slope, the lateral pressure coefficient also gradually increases, and the range of increase gradually expands; the slope safety coefficient also decreases, the area of failure becomes gradually wider until the slope toe is penetrated; the shear fractures move gradually toward the slope toe, and shear failure occurs at the 1/3 of the slope toe in the collapse deformation process. Collapse action leads to tensile stresses in the upper part of the slope, making it prone to collapse-type crack formation, resulting in dominant channels of surface water infiltration and forming landslide scarps. What’s more, collapse action also enables the formation of compressive stresses in the lower part of the slope, resulting in outward extrusion of deep soil, increased sliding force, and landslide formation.

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Section: Variability Of Slope Displacementsupporting

confidence: 85%

supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Laboratory Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of collapse-type lateral pressure induced by irrigation

Xia

Zhu

2023

Preprint

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“…Active earth pressure is the earth pressure when the backfill is damaged due to the retaining wall moving away from the filling. Rankine’s theory has been widely used in this pressure calculation 1 , 20 . There are several simplifying assumptions to express this failure in the limit equilibrium analysis.…”

Section: Analytical Solution Of Matric Suction Considering Transpirat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for efficient calculating earth pressure of retaining wall considering plant transpiration

Zhang,

Hu,

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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An accurate estimation of earth pressure on retaining walls is imperative to achieving its design. This paper presents an analytical method framework that considers the effect of plant transpiration relative to the traditional calculation approaches. Specifically, a closed-form solution for one-dimensional steady unsaturated flow considering plant transpiration is incorporated into a representation of effective stress to obtain the changes in matric suction, and effective stress. The representations are used to extend Hooke’s law and Rankine’s earth pressure theory to determine at-rest, active, and passive earth pressures. Subsequently, the analytical method is used in a series of analysis case studies on the influence of root architecture types, transpiration rates, and soil types on earth pressure, to reveal that it can rapidly obtain the earth pressure. Notably, the effect of plant transpiration on earth pressure is significant. Furthermore, it is found that soil types and transpiration rates have a larger influence than root architecture types. Collectively, the research not only reveals the effect of plant on earth pressure for retaining wall, but also provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the contribution of plants to the stability of retaining wall.

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“…Vahedifard et al [3] presented an analytical framework for calculating the thrust of active earth pressures under unsaturated steady flow conditions by employing the suction stress-based effective stress and a log spiral surface. Shahrokhabadi et al [5] incorporated the effect of transient unsaturated seepage into Rankine's theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Elevated Temperatures on Lateral Earth Pressures in Unsaturated Soils

Thota

Vahedifard

2020

E3S Web Conf.

Self Cite

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Near-surface unsaturated soils can be exposed to elevated temperatures due to soil-atmospheric interactions under drought events, wildfires, heatwaves, and warm spells, or the heat induced by emerging geotechnical and geo-environmental technologies such as geothermal boreholes and thermally active earthen systems. Elevated temperatures can affect the hydro-mechanical characteristics of unsaturated soils, which in turn can alter lateral earth pressures developed in the backfill soil. The main objective of this study is to quantify the effect of elevated temperatures on active and passive earth pressures of unsaturated soils. For this purpose, the paper presents the derivation of an analytical framework to extend Rankine’s earth pressure theory to account for the effect of temperature under hydrostatic conditions. The equations are derived by incorporating the effect of temperature into the soil water retention curve and a suction stress-based effective stress representation. The proposed effective stress equation considers the temperature-induced changes in the contact angle, surface tension, and enthalpy of immersion. To investigate the impact of temperature on active and passive earth pressures, the proposed method is then used in a set of parametric studies to determine active and passive earth pressure profiles for three hypothetical soils of clay, silt, and sand at different temperatures. Results suggest that elevated temperatures can cause variation in active and passive earth pressures for all the soils considered. The findings of this study can contribute toward analyzing earth retaining structures subjected to elevated temperatures.

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Earth pressure profiles in unsaturated soils under transient flow

Cited by 45 publications

References 45 publications

Effect of collapse-type lateral pressure induced by irrigation

Effect of collapse-type lateral pressure induced by irrigation

Method for efficient calculating earth pressure of retaining wall considering plant transpiration

Effect of Elevated Temperatures on Lateral Earth Pressures in Unsaturated Soils

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