Earth-based 12.6-cm wavelength radar mapping of the Moon: New views of impact melt distribution and mare physical properties

Campbell, B. A.; Carter, Lynn M.; Campbell, D. B.; Nolan, M. C.; Chandler, J. F.; Ghent, R. R.; Hawke, B. R.; Anderson, R. F.; Wells, K. S.

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.03.011

Cited by 84 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In addition, we obtained significant X-band baseline coverage of the north polar area to permit cross-comparison of the two data sets. Areas with high-CPR measurements at both wavebands data are coincident with areas previously shown to be high in CPR in agreement with some previously obtained Earth- based radar data [Campbell et al, 2010;Carter et al, 2012]. The radar images consist of the four Stokes parameters and derived maps of CPR as well as other Stokes-derived products, including degree of linear polarization [Raney, 2007;Raney et al, 2011].…”

Section: Experiments Design and Instrument Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The northern near side is dominated by large, ancient pre-Nectarian craters, mostly filled with Cayley-like smooth plains deposits. Numerous basin secondaries (mostly from Imbrium) are evident; some of these features are possibly secondaries of the Orientale basin [Campbell et al, 2010].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are no obvious differences in the distribution of anomalous craters with respect to the near and far sides within the polar regions with the exception of an unusual concentration of small (2-10 km diameter) craters on the floor of Peary (Figures 7 and 8). This cluster of small craters, proposed to be Orientale basin secondaries [Campbell et al, 2010], all have interiors in permanent darkness and are extremely cold [<100 K; Paige et al, 2010b].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for water ice on the Moon: Results for anomalous polar craters from the LRO Mini‐RF imaging radar

et al. 2013

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[1] The Mini-RF radar instrument on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft mapped both lunar poles in two different RF wavelengths (complete mapping at 12.6 cm S-band and partial mapping at 4.2 cm X-band) in two look directions, removing much of the ambiguity of previous Earth-and spacecraft-based radar mapping of the Moon's polar regions. The poles are typical highland terrain, showing expected values of radar cross section (albedo) and circular polarization ratio (CPR). Most fresh craters display high values of CPR in and outside the crater rim; the pattern of these CPR distributions is consistent with high levels of wavelength-scale surface roughness associated with the presence of block fields, impact melt flows, and fallback breccia. A different class of polar crater exhibits high CPR only in their interiors, interiors that are both permanently dark and very cold (less than 100 K). Application of scattering models developed previously suggests that these anomalously high-CPR deposits exhibit behavior consistent with the presence of water ice. If this interpretation is correct, then both poles may contain several hundred million tons of water in the form of relatively "clean" ice, all within the upper couple of meters of the lunar surface. The existence of significant water ice deposits enables both long-term human habitation of the Moon and the creation of a permanent cislunar space transportation system based upon the harvest and use of lunar propellant.

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Section: Experiments Design and Instrument Descriptionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence for water ice on the Moon: Results for anomalous polar craters from the LRO Mini‐RF imaging radar

et al. 2013

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“…The launch of LRO in June 2009 has afforded new views of lunar impact melt flows, allowing for a reassessment of their global distribution. Lunar impact melts have been primarily studied at optical wavelengths (Hawke and Head, 1977;Bray et al, 2010;Osinski et al, 2011;Plescia and Cintala, 2012;Denevi et al, 2012;Stopar et al, 2014, submitted for publication), but complementary information can be obtained by observing impact melts at radar wavelengths (Campbell et al, 2010;Carter et al, 2012). Indeed, since radar data is sensitive to surface and sub-surface roughness, it can highlight rough impact melts, even when they are not easily seen in optical data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution of lunar impact melt flows

Neish

Madden

Carter

et al. 2014

Icarus

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“…It is thus applied based on predictions of lunar motion for a small region around a particular location. A second step then applies a time-varying phase to the data that corrects for the change in apparent Doppler frequency of the area during the observation, and the resulting focused patches are assembled into a complete map (Figure 3; Campbell et al 2007Campbell et al , 2010.…”

Section: Earth-based Radar Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planetary Geology with Imaging Radar: Insights from Earth-based Lunar Studies, 2001–2015

Campbell

2016

PASP

Self Cite

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Radar exploration of the Solar System changed dramatically during and beyond the period of the Magellan mission to Venus. These changes included an expansion of the community familiar with microwave data, and the forging of a strong connection with polarimetric scattering models developed through terrestrial field measurements and airborne radar studies. During the period, advances in computing power and imaging techniques also allowed Earth-based radar experiments to acquire data at the highest spatial resolutions permitted by their transmitter systems. This paper traces these developments through a case study of lunar observations over the past 15 years, and their implications for ongoing and future Solar System radar studies.

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Earth-based 12.6-cm wavelength radar mapping of the Moon: New views of impact melt distribution and mare physical properties

Cited by 84 publications

References 31 publications

Evidence for water ice on the Moon: Results for anomalous polar craters from the LRO Mini‐RF imaging radar

Evidence for water ice on the Moon: Results for anomalous polar craters from the LRO Mini‐RF imaging radar

Global distribution of lunar impact melt flows

Planetary Geology with Imaging Radar: Insights from Earth-based Lunar Studies, 2001–2015

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