Early vegetation succession on gravel bars of Czech Carpathian streams

Kalníková, Veronika; Chytrý, Kryštof; Chytrý, Milan

doi:10.1007/s12224-018-9323-6

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In this case, species common in distinguished groups in other mountain regions occurred in communities in which another butterbur was dominant, e.g., Chrysosplenium alternifolium or I. noli-tangere, in our study were mostly associated with the Pk and Pk+Ph groups of phytocoenoses, but in the mountains of Slovakia, the Czech Republik, or Romania were strongly associated with P. hybridi [45][46][47][48]. Nevertheless, many species presented the same altitudinal distribution as stated by Kalniková et al in the Czech Carpathians [49]. Both of the analyzed species revealed some tolerance to certain habitat factors that enabled them to coexist in the same patches of vegetation on the stream banks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Ecological conditions of the altitudinal substitution of Petasites kablikianus and P. hybridus in the Polish Carpathians

2018

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Two species of the genus Petasites, P. kablikianus (occurs upstream) and P. hybridus (occurs downstream), form characteristic tall herb communities in two altitudinal zones of Carpathian streams and rivers. They are described as “altitudinal vicariants” due to their substitution with decreasing elevation on similar habitats along mountain streams. This would indicate that the phenomenon is conditioned by climatic factors. In this study, we investigated the factors that determine this substitution on streambanks, and whether P. hybridus competes with P. kablikianus and limits its spread from mountains to foothills. We analyzed 72 plant patches from the Western and Eastern Carpathians in terms of flora composition, and geomorphological features of the habitat. The content of organic matter, available Mg, P, K, C, total N, and pH were also analyzed for a representative group of patches. Phytocoenoses were analyzed based on the presence of one of the analyzed species or on the quantitative proportions, in the case of a co-occurrence. We found statistically significant differences in the soil structure (skeleton percentage), content of Mg, N, and C, and the values of the C:N ratio. These results revealed that P. kablikianus prefers skeletal soils with a lower clay content, that is rich in Mg, N, C, and organic matter. Petasites hybridus prefers finer soils, which are richer in pulverized and clay fractions, in a zone of decrease of soil richness and where a thick layer of humus is typical for its phytocoenoses. We found that the spread of P. kablikianus into lower locations is not limited by competition with P. hybridus, but rather by the quality and structure of the habitat. Therefore, both species should be treated as ecological rather than altitudinal vicariants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Ecological conditions of the altitudinal substitution of Petasites kablikianus and P. hybridus in the Polish Carpathians

2018

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“…In later successional stages, the evenness and species richness decrease as organic matter and nutrients accumulate and the competition from established dominant species increase. This pattern was shown gravel bars, for example, by Corenblit et al (2009), Prach et al (2014), Kalníková et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Symbiosis between river and dry lands: phycobiont dynamics on river gravel bars

Vančurová

Kalníková

Peksa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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River gravel bars are dynamic and heterogeneous habitats standing on transition between aquatic and terrestrial environment. Periodical flooding, low nutrient content, frost, missing safe sites, drought, and heat on the ground surface significantly influence life in these habitats. Mutualistic symbiosis may be a successful strategy for organisms to survive and to proliferate under harsh conditions. The lichen genus Stereocaulon was selected as a model symbiotic system among the organisms living on river gravel bars. The aim of our work was to determine effect of this dynamic environment on a phycobiont (i.e., green eukaryotic photobiont) community structure. We analysed 147 Stereocaulon specimens collected in the Swiss Alps using Sanger sequencing (fungal ITS rDNA, algal ITS rDNA, algal actin type I gene) and 8 selected thalli and 12 soil samples using Illumina metabarcoding (ITS2 rDNA). We performed phytosociological sampling on each study plot (n=13). Our analyses of communities of phycobionts, lichens, bryophytes, and vascular plants indicated an ongoing colonisation by phycobionts and gradual change of phycobiont community along to the successional gradient. We recovered great phycobiont diversity associated with Stereocaulon mycobionts including algae reported as phycobionts for the first time. Each of two Stereocaulon mycobiont OTUs has distinct pool of predominant phycobionts in the study area. Finally, all thalli selected for Illumina metabarcoding contained a wide range of additional intrathalline algae, i.e., showed algal plurality. In general, succession process on newly emerged or recently disturbed localities also takes place within a community of microscopic symbiotic organisms, such as phycobionts.

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“…Riparian communities differ in a number of ways that may influence both the degree of invasion and community PD. Communities on river bars are flooded regularly, intensely and over long periods as a result of their proximal position on the riverbed (Kalníková et al, 2018). In contrast, riparian forests are higher than river bars in elevation relative to the channel centre and, consequently, are flooded during shorter periods, and experience lower flow and physical disturbance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of disturbance and alien plants on the phylogenetic structure of riverine communities

Liendo

Biurrun

Campos

et al. 2020

J Vegetation Science

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Questions: Phylogenetic analyses provide important insights in the study of biological invasions. Previous studies have shown contrasting effects of alien species on the phylogenetic structure of recipient communities. In this study, we focus on two riparian plant communities with contrasting natural disturbance regimes: riparian forests and river bar communities. We ask whether these communities differ in alpha diversity and degree of plant invasion. Further, are the phylogenetic diversity (PD) and structure of these habitats related to the level of plant invasion? Location: Northern Spain. Methods: We determined level of plant invasion in forest and river bar vegetation plots, and calculated PD using mean pairwise distance (MPD) and mean nearest taxon distance (MNTD). We applied null models to analyse the phylogenetic structure of plots, and we tested whether inclusion of alien plant species was associated with differences in observed phylogenetic structure. Results: River bar plots experienced more invasion than forest plots, but the level of invasion was only related to the PD of native species in forests. Most plots had random phylogenetic structure, with a minority of plots tending to phylogenetic overdispersion in forests and to phylogenetic clustering in river bars. MPD increased with the inclusion of alien plant species in forest plots, suggesting phylogenetic overdispersion, while no such pattern was detected with MNTD. MPD increased slightly with increasing invasion in river bar plots, suggesting reduced clustering, while MNTD values decreased with increasing invasion, suggesting the opposite trend. Conclusions: Invasion by alien plants is differentially associated with phylogenetic structure in riparian habitats with different disturbance levels. Our results contrast with those of previous studies of plant invasion of riparian communities, which suggests geographic and ecological variation in the relationship between invasion and phylogenetic community structure in riparian systems. Research is needed to identify the causal factors underlying this variation.

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Early vegetation succession on gravel bars of Czech Carpathian streams

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Ecological conditions of the altitudinal substitution of Petasites kablikianus and P. hybridus in the Polish Carpathians

Ecological conditions of the altitudinal substitution of Petasites kablikianus and P. hybridus in the Polish Carpathians

Symbiosis between river and dry lands: phycobiont dynamics on river gravel bars

Effects of disturbance and alien plants on the phylogenetic structure of riverine communities

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