Early Trends for Invasive Pneumococcal Infections in Children After the Introduction of the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

Abstract

After the introduction of PCV13, invasive pneumococcal infections decreased among 8 children hospitals compared with the 3 years before PCV13 use. Slight increases in some non-PCV13 serotype isolates were noted in 2011. Continued surveillance is necessary to determine the effectiveness of PCV13 including herd protection as well as any emerging invasive serotypes.

Role of Operative or Interventional Radiology-Guided Cultures for Osteomyelitis

“…Starting in 2012, invasive GAS isolates obtained at TCH are collected as a component of a third surveillance study. Available S aureus isolates were characterized by pulsed field electrophoresis, 20 pneumococcal isolates underwent serotype determination using the capsular swelling method, 21 and GAS isolates were analyzed by emm type. 22 …”

A few years later

“…The first assumption is based on indications of cross-protection. 9,12 The second assumption is based on only modest observed reductions in IPD caused by serotype 3 10 and no difference in serotype 3 carriage between PCV7 and PCV13. 26 Another study on the effects of pneumococcal vaccination on AOM, was the Pneumococcal Otitis Efficacy Trial (POET).…”

“…[4][5][6][7][8] In addition, new efficacy and effectiveness data have been published, which were not available at that time. [9][10][11][12][13] This study aimed to calculate the cost-effectiveness of PCV13 compared with PCV10 using the newly available data. Our study was performed to inform the Dutch Health Council, which has advised the Ministry of Health for a new tender, worth approximately 530 000 doses per year, that took place in the beginning of 2014.…”

Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children

“…The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) replaced PCV-7 in 2010, expanding coverage to include six additional virulent pneumococcal serotypes. Culture-proven IPD rates decreased 53 % among eight hospitals in children under 2 years old from 2000 to 2009 to 2011, with a 57 % decline in PCV-13 isolates during this time period [11]. Pneumonia hospitalization rates in Tennessee decreased an additional 27 % in children under 2 years old from PCV-7 years 2001-2010 compared to the post-PCV years 2010-2012 [12].…”