Early Screening of Some Kurdistan Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars under Drought Stress

Abstract

Due to the rapid climatic change drought becomes abiotic constraint globally. A factorial laboratory experiment was designed with CRD to evaluate the effects of kernel priming on wheat cultivars under induced drought stress. Seven common wheat cultivars in Kurdistan (Adana, Maxipak, Sham4, Sham6, Aras, Azadi and Rizgari) were tested under different negative osmotic solutions (0, -0.5, -1 and -1.5 Mpa), using Polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000). Among different cultivars Azadi exhibited better survival at high levels of drought stress for germination and its related traits. It also revealed high performance for shoot growth under the water stress, which was affirmed by the principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The superiority of this cultivar might be refer to exposing of this genotype to natural selection for a long duration under semiarid conditions of the local environment. Rizgari also had better performance mostly for the seedling characteristics, being a suitable cultivar for the late induced drought. The other cultivars had an intermediate response to the induced drought stress. This method could assist the plant breeder for rapid detection of drought tolerant genotypes in a large population with the reduced cost and labor compared to field trials.

Morpho-physiological character association studies of seedling traits in ten wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under osmotic stress conditions

“…Root dry weight is less affected than fresh weight. The outcomes obtained in this study revealed that dry mass was less affected than fresh weight and results are in agreement with the findings of Bayoumi et al (2008) [8] ; Ahmad et al (2017) [7] who reported that osmotic stress caused significant effects on root dry weight in all genotypes.…”

“…Cluster analysis has been utilized to elucidate the disparity and assemble the genotypes based on water stress tolerance indices (El-Mohsen et al, 2015) [15] . Similarly, finding Ahmad et al (2017) [7] and Guoth et al (2009) [17] stated that the germination test is found to be useful for identifying the genotypes capable of quickly establishing themselves under low soil moisture conditions which shows correlation with water stress tolerance. The present investigation for screening water stress tolerance ability of wheat genotypes was found to be relevant in choosing the best accession for tolerant water stress.…”

“…In past year, globally wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is second ranked most important cereal crop for staple food. Many environmental factors especially drought stress is considered to be one of the major constraints in worldwide which have negatively influenced the productivity and production (Ahmed et al, 2017) [7] . The effect of water stress on crop yield depends on stage of plant growth during which it occur.…”

Multivariate Analysis of Morpho-Physiological Traits Reveals Differential Drought Tolerance Potential of Bread Wheat Genotypes at the Seedling Stage

“…Though row clusters 2 and 3 were less distant, but still have some potentials (STWC, RTWC and RSR) for the breeder’s interest. Cluster analysis has been exploited to define the dissimilarity and grouping of the genotypes based on drought tolerance indices [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 ]. The successive linear discriminant analysis of the cluster groups exhibited that about 90% of the genotypes were correctly assigned to different clusters that means misclassification of the genotypes was lesser in our used clustering algorithm.…”

Physio-Morphological and Biochemical Trait-Based Evaluation of Ethiopian and Chinese Wheat Germplasm for Drought Tolerance at the Seedling Stage

“…Several drought stress experiments in wheat were focused on the post-anthesis and/or reproduction stage [32,45] due to its imminent importance to grain yield [46]. An accumulation of evidence suggested that drought stress screening at the early growth stage hydroponically in the growth chamber [43,47] and soil conditions in the greenhouse [48][49][50][51] enables us to better define the drought stress and manage a large set of genotypes under controlled growing conditions. Though using hydroponic nutrient solution does not represent the actual field condition, it is still viable and used in drought stress screening at the vegetative stage [42,[52][53][54].…”