Early Results from a United States Trial of Prostatic Artery Embolization in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

The Role of Prostatic Arterial Embolization in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review

“…No conflict of interest was stated in four studies [15,16,21,22]. Potential conflict of interest was unclear in four studies [14,17,18,20].…”

“…After checking the inclusion and exclusion criteria, one study was excluded based on Chinese language. All data were extracted from the nine studies eligible for the systematic review (Supplement 1) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. These nine studies were all published by three research groups, with probably an overlap of patients.…”

“…Of the nine studies, eight were cohort studies [14][15][16][17][19][20][21][22]. Only one study, comparing two different sizes of PVA particles, was a randomized, controlled trial [18].…”

“…In two studies [18,22], the authors explicitly stated that the embolization procedure was performed by an interventional radiologist. However, we presume that interventional radiologists also performed the procedure in the other studies.…”

“…However, we presume that interventional radiologists also performed the procedure in the other studies. The embolization procedure was performed using 90-180 or 180-300 lm nonspherical polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles [14][15][16][17][18][19], 300-500 lm microspheres [20,21], or 100-400 lm spherical embolic agents [22]. Mean total procedure time varied from 70.4 to 96.3 min (mean of the means 80.1 min), and the mean fluoroscopy time varied from 18 to 85.9 min (mean of the means 36.5 min).…”