Early results and validation of SAGE III-ISS ozone profile measurements from onboard the International Space Station

McCormick, M. P.; Lei, Liqiao; Hill, Michael T.; Anderson, J.; Querel, Richard; Steinbrecht, Wolfgang

doi:10.5194/amt-13-1287-2020

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…For comparisons between SAGE III and ACE-FTS, similar results were found in both studies, with mean differences less than 5% for altitudes above 20 km. For altitudes below 20 km, SAGE III ozone generally showed a negative bias (>10%) relative to ACE-FTS, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, based on McCormick et al (2020). Positive biases of ~5-10% in SAGE III ozone, however, were found in the same altitude range in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…In this study, the agreement between SAGE III solar ozone data and correlative sonde/lidar data is found to be better than in the analysis of McCormick et al (2020). This could result from the tighter coincidence criteria and from having more coincident profiles in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

“…This could result from the tighter coincidence criteria and from having more coincident profiles in this study. Furthermore, more sophisticated techniques were used to account for different vertical resolutions between SAGE III and correlative ozone profiles; linear interpolation of profiles was used in the work by McCormick et al (2020). For comparisons between SAGE III and ACE-FTS, similar results were found in both studies, with mean differences less than 5% for altitudes above 20 km.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The sampling coverage of SAGE III/ISS solar observations can be augmented by lunar measurements, which occur at locations and times not covered by solar observations. McCormick et al (2020) evaluated the first year of SAGE III/ISS ozone profiles with ozonesondes and lidar measurements at Hohenpeissenberg and Lauder, as well as with observations from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS). They found that the percentage differences between SAGE III/ISS solar ozone and ground-based ozonesonde/lidar measurements are generally less than 10% in the stratosphere, with the best agreement of ~5% between SAGE III and Hohenpeissenberg lidar for altitudes of 20-40 km.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of SAGE III/ISS Solar Occultation Ozone Products With Correlative Satellite and Ground‐Based Measurements

et al. 2020

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The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III on the International Space Station (SAGE III/ISS) was launched on 19 February 2017 and began routine operation in June 2017. The first 2 years of SAGE III/ISS (v5.1) solar occultation ozone data were evaluated by using correlative satellite and ground‐based measurements. Among the three (MES, AO3, and MLR) SAGE III/ISS retrieved solar ozone products, AO3 ozone shows the smallest bias and best precision, with mean biases less than 5% for altitudes ~15–55 km in the midlatitudes and ~20–55 km in the tropics. In the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, AO3 ozone shows high biases that increase with decreasing altitudes and reach ~10% near the tropopause. Preliminary studies indicate that those high biases primarily result from the contributions of the oxygen dimer (O4) not being appropriately removed within the ozone channel. The precision of AO3 ozone is estimated to be ~3% for altitudes between 20 and 40 km. It degrades to ~10–15% in the lower mesosphere (~55 km) and ~20–30% near the tropopause. There could be an altitude registration error of ~100 m in the SAGE III/ISS auxiliary temperature and pressure profiles. This, however, does not affect retrieved ozone profiles in native number density on geometric altitude coordinates. In the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (~40–55 km), the SAGE III/ISS (and SAGE II) retrieved ozone values show sunrise/sunset differences of ~5–8%, which are almost twice as large as what was observed by other satellites or model predictions. This feature needs further study.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of SAGE III/ISS Solar Occultation Ozone Products With Correlative Satellite and Ground‐Based Measurements

et al. 2020

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“…The instrument has a fine spatial resolution of 3.5 km by 7 km, which improved to 3.5 km by 5.5 km after August 2019. There are several species retrieved from TROPOMI, including total columns of O 3 , carbon monoxide (CO), HCHO, NO 2 , SO 2 , and methane (CH 4 ); O 3 profiles can be also obtained from the instrument's measurements (Mettig et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tropomimentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in stratospheric aerosol extinction coefficient after the 2018 Ambae eruption as seen by OMPS-LP and MAECHAM5-HAM

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Stratospheric aerosols are an important component of the climate system. They not only change the radiative budget of the Earth but also play an essential role in ozone depletion. These impacts are particularly noticeable after volcanic eruptions when SO2 injected with the eruption reaches the stratosphere, oxidizes, and forms stratospheric aerosol. There have been several studies in which a volcanic eruption plume and the associated radiative forcing were analyzed using climate models and/or data from satellite measurements. However, few have compared vertically and temporally resolved volcanic plumes using both measured and modeled data. In this paper, we compared changes in the stratospheric aerosol loading after the 2018 Ambae eruption observed by satellite remote sensing measurements and simulated by a global aerosol model. We use vertical profiles of the aerosol extinction coefficient at 869 nm retrieved at the Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP) in Bremen from OMPS-LP (Ozone Mapping and Profiling Suite – Limb Profiler) observations. Here, we present the retrieval algorithm and a comparison of the obtained profiles with those from SAGE III/ISS (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III on board the International Space Station). The observed differences are within 25 % for most latitude bins, which indicates a reasonable quality of the retrieved limb aerosol extinction product. The volcanic plume evolution is investigated using both monthly mean aerosol extinction coefficients and 10 d averaged data. The measurement results were compared with the model output from MAECHAM5-HAM (ECHAM for short). In order to simulate the eruption accurately, we use SO2 injection estimates from OMPS and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) for the first phase of eruption and the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) for the second phase. Generally, the agreement between the vertical and geographical distribution of the aerosol extinction coefficient from OMPS-LP and ECHAM is quite remarkable, in particular, for the second phase. We attribute the good consistency between the model and the measurements to the precise estimation of injected SO2 mass and height, as well as to the nudging to ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis data. Additionally, we compared the radiative forcing (RF) caused by the increase in the aerosol loading in the stratosphere after the eruption. After accounting for the uncertainties from different RF calculation methods, the RFs from ECHAM and OMPS-LP agree quite well. We estimate the tropical (20∘ N to 20∘ S) RF from the second Ambae eruption to be about −0.13 W m−2.

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NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS‐CF v1.0: Stratospheric Composition

Knowland

Keller

Wales

et al. 2022

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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The NASA Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) Composition Forecast (GEOS-CF) provides recent estimates and 5-day forecasts of atmospheric composition to the public in near-real time. To do this, the GEOS Earth system model is coupled with the GEOS-Chem tropospheric-stratospheric unified chemistry extension (UCX) to represent composition from the surface to the top of the GEOS atmosphere (0.01 hPa). The GEOS-CF system is described, including updates made to the GEOS-Chem UCX mechanism within GEOS-CF for improved representation of stratospheric chemistry. Comparisons are made against balloon, lidar, and satellite observations for stratospheric composition, including measurements of ozone (O 3 ) and important nitrogen and chlorine species related to stratospheric O 3 recovery. The GEOS-CF nudges the stratospheric O 3 toward the GEOS Forward Processing (GEOS FP) assimilated O 3 product; as a result the stratospheric O 3 in the GEOS-CF historical estimate agrees well with observations. During abnormal dynamical and chemical environments such as the 2020 polar vortexes, the GEOS-CF O 3 forecasts are more realistic than GEOS FP O 3 forecasts because of the inclusion of the complex GEOS-Chem UCX stratospheric chemistry. Overall, the spatial patterns of the GEOS-CF simulated concentrations of stratospheric composition agree well with satellite observations. However, there are notable biases-such as low NO x and HNO 3 in the polar regions and generally low HCl throughout the stratosphere-and future improvements to the chemistry mechanism and emissions are discussed. GEOS-CF is a new tool for the research community and instrument teams observing trace gases in the stratosphere and troposphere, providing near-real-time three-dimensional gridded information on atmospheric composition.

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Early results and validation of SAGE III-ISS ozone profile measurements from onboard the International Space Station

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Validation of SAGE III/ISS Solar Occultation Ozone Products With Correlative Satellite and Ground‐Based Measurements

Validation of SAGE III/ISS Solar Occultation Ozone Products With Correlative Satellite and Ground‐Based Measurements

Changes in stratospheric aerosol extinction coefficient after the 2018 Ambae eruption as seen by OMPS-LP and MAECHAM5-HAM

NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS‐CF v1.0: Stratospheric Composition

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