Early response of<scp><i>Quercus robur</i></scp>seedlings to soil compaction following germination

Cambi, Martina; Mariotti, Barbara; Fabiano, Fabio; Maltoni, Alberto; Tani, Andrea; Foderi, Cristiano; Laschi, Andrea; Marchi, Enrico

doi:10.1002/ldr.2912

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(131 reference statements)

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“…Soil compaction caused by a forwarder may be more severe [20], which may lead to a slower early growth of seedlings [21]. Forest machines, and especially fully-loaded forwarders, cause unwanted soil disturbances [22], which is usually more intensive in older stands, where trees of bigger dimensions are extracted [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Thinning Operations in 2nd Age Class Pine Stands—Economic and Environmental Implications

Mederski

Venanzi

Bembenek

et al. 2018

Forests

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The application of a harvester for thinning operations in young stands can pose several dilemmas. Firstly, the value of the timber obtained should be higher than the cost of the thinning operation-this is especially difficult with young stands, where the timber is of a small size and productivity is low. In addition, small harvesters used for thinning usually have short cranes, less than 10 m in length, which is rather impractical in stands where the distance between strip roads is a standard 20 m. The aim of this research was to select the best mechanised thinning operation, taking into account economic suitability and some environmental aspects (damage to the remaining stand and density of strip roads). The research was carried out in a 31-year-old pine stand (11.27 ha) in which three different harvester thinning (T) operations were designed: TM1) with midfield and one harvester pass, TM2) with midfield and two harvester passes and TWM) without midfield and one harvester pass. In all the proposed operations, a Vimek 404 T5 harvester (with a 4.6 m-long crane) and a Vimek 606 TT forwarder were used. The most economic operation was TWM, with a total cost of €13.73 m −3 , while TM1 was 13% more expensive at €15.51 m −3. The lowest level of damage, 1.5%, was recorded in TWM, while in TM1 the level was 2.1%. The TWM operation required a net of strip roads twice as dense as in TM1. Taking into account all the analysed aspects, a thinning operation with midfield and one harvester pass is recommended when using the Vimek 404 T5 harvester and the Vimek 606 TT forwarder in the first thinning of a pine stand.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Thinning Operations in 2nd Age Class Pine Stands—Economic and Environmental Implications

Mederski

Venanzi

Bembenek

et al. 2018

Forests

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“…The reduced development of root systems caused by soil compaction results in limited access to nutrients and water accompanied by lower photosynthetic rate [12]. A lower seedling establishment and survival and ultimately seedling growth and production was observed by Gebauer and Martinková [13], Naghdi et al [1], and Cambi et al [14] in compacted soils. However, the severity of these effects depends on soil type and tree species [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Impact Assessment of Skidding Extraction: Effects on Physical and Chemical Properties of Forest Soils and on Maple Seedling Growing along the Skid Trail

Solgi

Naghdi

Marchi

et al. 2019

Forests

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Several studies investigated soil disturbances caused on skid trails by forest logging. However, there is still a lack of knowledge about the severity and the distance of disturbances along both sides from the trails. The aims of this study were: i) to investigate the changes in physical and chemical properties of soil along the sides of skidding trails; ii) to measure the effects of soil compaction on of maple seedlings growth. Two levels of trail gradient (< 20% and >20 %), four levels of traffic frequency (3, 8, 15, and 30 passes) and four distance buffer strip zones (0.5 m intervals from 0 to 2 m in distance) on both sides of skid trail edges were analyzed. Each treatment included three replicate plots. In order to investigate the effect of compaction on seedlings emergence and growth, maple seeds were sown after logging. The results highlighted significant changes in physical and chemical properties of soil for each traffic frequency in the closest buffer strip (from 0 to 0.5 m from the skid trail edges). The largest changes in soil properties were identified at 0.5 m distance zones for a slope gradient > 20% after 3, 8, 15, and 30 skidding cycles. The highest changes were recorded on slope category >20%. The higher the soil compaction the lower the germination rate, root length, and stem height of seedlings.

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“…Gu et al (2019) reported that the volume density values should be taken as one of the indicators to assess the effect of vegetation restoration process on the physical properties of the soil. This is explained by the fact that even a slight increase in soil density has a significant negative effect on the growth and development of tree species, particularly oaks (Bejarano et al, 2010;Cambi et al, 2018;Kormanek et al, 2015).…”

Section: Effect Of Forest Plantations On Aggregate Size Distribution mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Calcic Chernozem Affected by Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus robur Plantings

Gorban

Huslystyi

Kotovych

et al. 2020

Ekológia (Bratislava)

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Gorban V., Huslystyi A., Kotovych O., Yakovenko V.: Changes in physical and chemical properties of Calcic chernozem affected by Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus robur plantings. EkológiaGrowth of forest plantations on soils causes changes in their properties. These changes, their behavior, and magnitude depend on the original soil characteristics and also on the effect of forest plantations being grown. In the steppe zone of Ukraine, Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Quercus robur L. are the woody species most widely used in planting of forest plantations on chernozem soil. Chernozem soil formed exclusively under zonal steppe vegetation and chernozem soil under Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus robur plantations were studied in this work to analyze the changes in soil properties caused by growth of these tree species. Dry aggregate size distribution, density, particle density, total porosity, organic carbon content, cation exchange capacity, pH values, hydrolytic soil acidity and dry residue, and the available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content were analyzed. The studies found that Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus robur plantations contribute to an increase in the share of aggregates 2-1 mm in size, as well as formation of aggregate fraction >10 mm, which are completely absent in the Calcic chernozem developed under the steppe vegetation. An increase in the density and particle density, as well as a decrease in the total porosity values were observed under the influence of forest stands studied. This is more common with chernozem under Q. robur plantation. It was found that the carbon percentage decreased in chernozem under the influence of Robinia pseudoacacia growth (on average, 0.4% by a meter-deep layer), but under Quercus robur planting it increased (on average 0.3% by meter-deep layer). Effect of Robinia pseudoacacia plantings on chernozem was also manifested by a decrease in cation exchange capacity (on average, 11 cmol/100 g by a meter-deep layer). The growth of R. pseudoacacia and Quercus robur plantations results in decrease of pH values (0.2 by a meter-deep layer) and increase of hydrolytic soil acidity and dry residue in chernozem water extract. Effect of Robinia pseudoacacia planting leads to a decrease in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content in chernozem. The change in chernozem properties under the influence of Quercus robur plantation is reflected in accumulation of these nutrients. Growth of Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus robur plantations leads to a decrease in potassium reserves in chernozem, which may indicate its active uptake by these woody species. In general, Q. robur planting is characterized by a large positive effect on the physical and chemical properties of chernozem than Robinia pseudoacacia planting. The findings obtained serve as a ground for making a recommendation for growing Quercus robur plantations under climate conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine in order to improve the zonal chernozems' state and fertility.

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Early response ofQuercus roburseedlings to soil compaction following germination

Cited by 30 publications

References 75 publications

Designing Thinning Operations in 2nd Age Class Pine Stands—Economic and Environmental Implications

Designing Thinning Operations in 2nd Age Class Pine Stands—Economic and Environmental Implications

Impact Assessment of Skidding Extraction: Effects on Physical and Chemical Properties of Forest Soils and on Maple Seedling Growing along the Skid Trail

Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties of Calcic Chernozem Affected by Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus robur Plantings

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