Early Puberty in Adopted Children

Mul, Dick; Oostdijk, Wilma; Drop, Stenvert L. S.

doi:10.1159/000057939

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Patients 3.1 and 3.2 were born in a German hospital and were adopted already at the first day of life. Thus, factors currently discussed to underlie the premature pubertal timing in adopted children such as significant changes in nutrition and environment, psychosocial stress, or even problems with age estimation [15,16,17] may be negligible in these 2 children.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MKRN3 Mutations in Familial Central Precocious Puberty

et al. 2014

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Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the makorin RING finger protein 3 (MKRN3) have recently been reported to underlie familial cases of central precocious puberty (CPP). The imprinted MKRN3 gene is expressed only from the paternal allele, and mutations inherited from the father affect boys and girls equally, which is in contrast to the known female preponderance in idiopathic CPP. By screening a series of 6 families and 1 male patient with idiopathic CPP, we identified 2 further families carrying loss-of-function mutations in MKRN3, the previously reported variant c.475_476insC (p.Ala162Glyfs*14) and a novel one, c.331G>T (p.Glu111*). We conclude that MKRN3 mutations appear to be a frequent cause of familial CPP and, considering the imprinted mode of inheritance, may also account for a certain proportion of isolated CPP cases. Remarkably, four out of six MKRN3 mutations described so far encode either a stop codon or a frameshift followed by a premature stop codon. Consequently, there may be less severe mutations that possibly associate with more subtle phenotypes, which could even explain variation within the physiological range. Mutation screening in larger cohorts is necessary in order to estimate the real prevalence of MKRN3 mutations in idiopathic CPP.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MKRN3 Mutations in Familial Central Precocious Puberty

et al. 2014

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“…A special group for consideration is children who have migrated from developing countries following international adoption and where menarche in girls is generally later than those in the Western countries (9). Studies from Denmark showed that adopted children were 10-20 times more likely to develop precocious puberty when compared with a reference Danish population (10).…”

Section: Issues In Defining Precocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of GnRH agonists in precocious puberty

Mul¹,

Hughes

2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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In this review several aspects of gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) treatment in central precocious puberty (CPP) are highlighed. These include issues of the definition of precocity, assessment of CPP and thelarche variants. Indications for treatment with GnRH agonists are discussed, not only in CPP but also in children with other reasons to suppress central activation, e.g. adopted or developmental retardation. Finally, outcome data are summarized, both on growth and psychosocial parameters.European Journal of Endocrinology 159 S3-S8

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“…The rate of premature breast development was reported to range between 0.2% and 0.6% (Stanhope 2000;Codner and Román 2008;Teilmann et al 2005). Early puberty has been reported to be much more frequent in some races, in children with excessive adipose tissue, in adopted children, and in migrated children than the normal population (Teilmann et al 2006;Mul et al 2002). In the study conducted by Rosenfield et al (2009), the rates of breast and pubic hair development were 12.3% and 2.1%, respectively, in 8-year-old children with high BMIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pesticides used in agriculture on the development of precocious puberty

Özen

Darcan

Bayındır

et al. 2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The present study aims to evaluate the effects of pesticides on premature breast development. Forty-five girls (group 1) with premature breast development living in the Menderes region, where greenhouse cultivation is the main income, 16 girls (group 2) living in Izmir city with early puberty, and 33 girls (group 3) who had no signs of puberty were included in the study. Endosulphan 1, endosulphan 2, endosulphan sulphate, methoxychlor, vinclozolin, 4,4-dichlorodiphenyldichlorethylene (DDE), 4,-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and 2,4-DDT were evaluated in the serum and adipose tissues of the groups by using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. With the exception of 4,4'-DDE, the pesticides studied were undetectable in the serum and adipose tissue samples. The levels of basal luteinizing hormone (LH), stimulated LH, follicle-stimulating hormone, and the long axis of the uterus and both ovaries were significantly different in the girls who had premature thelarche and detectable 4,4'-DDE levels compared to the girls who had premature thelarche and undetectable 4,4'-DDE levels in serum and adipose tissues. The presence and levels of pesticides in serum and adipose tissues were not related to precocious puberty (PP). The mechanisms that lead to PP may also result in obesity, and obesity may be the underlying cause for PP in this group.

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Early Puberty in Adopted Children

Cited by 50 publications

References 59 publications

<b><i>MKRN3</i></b> Mutations in Familial Central Precocious Puberty

<b><i>MKRN3</i></b> Mutations in Familial Central Precocious Puberty

The use of GnRH agonists in precocious puberty

Effects of pesticides used in agriculture on the development of precocious puberty

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