Early Pregnancy Diagnosis using Pregnancy-Associated Glycoproteins in the Serum of Pregnant Ruminants

Khan, Doulat; Khan, Hamayun; Ahmad, Nazir; Tunio, Muhammad Tarique; Tahir, Muhammad Zahid; Khan, Muhammad Saleem; Khan, Rifat Ulla

doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/20190527080541

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Likewise, the sensitivity rate reported in the present study was higher than those from the previous findings [18,31,32]. The specificity of the PAG-EIA test for diagnosing non-pregnant cows obtained in the present study was higher than those reported, ranging from 66 to 90.7 %, in the researches assessing the effectiveness of the PAG-EIA test at [32][33][34][35]. Also, other investigations reported the specificity similar or slightly higher (91.1-97.2 %) carried out with the PAG-EIA test [18,29,31,36] and the PAG-RIA [15,27,29] in dairy cows in comparison to the present study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Using commercial enzyme immunoassay for measuring pregnancy-associated glycoproteins to diagnose pregnancy in dairy cows under field conditions in Algeria

Ayad

Derbak

Besseboua

2021

Vestn. Ross. univ. družby nar., Ser. Agron. životnovod.

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The purpose of the present work was to study effectiveness for early pregnancy diagnosis in cattle of the new enzyme immunoassay (EIA) sandwich kit commercially available based on the measurement of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs). 120 Holstein-Friesian cattle of mixed age and parity were comprised from different dairy herds. The pregnant females (n = 68) were diagnosed by ultrasonography at day 35-40 after artificial insemination and confirmed by transrectal exploration at 2-3 months after AI. The non-pregnant females (n = 52) were housed in the absence of males during the experimental period. Blood samples were collected from coccygeal vessels of females into EDTA tubes. The serum was obtained by centrifugation and the serum was stored at - 20 C until assay. The PAG concentrations in pregnant and non-pregnant females were determined in serum by EIA kit. The reproducibility inter- and intra-assay of the PAG-EIA is satisfactory (2.78 and 13.19 %, respectively). The accuracy ( 94.8 %) and the test of parallelism were largely acceptable. No cross-reaction was observed with the different hormones tested at different dilutions. PAG-EIA system gave 100 % sensitivity and negative predictive values. Whereas, specificity and positive predictive value were 91.93 and 71.15 %, respectively. The accuracy of pregnancy diagnosis by PAG-EIA was 87.5 %. In conclusion, the present study shows clearly that the EIA kit can be used to measure PAG in serum cows for the detection of gestation in Algeria. Therefore, this alternative technique could be recommended to replace the radioactive methods in immunoassays to improve the reproductive performances and an efficient tool for reproductive management of dairy cattle.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Using commercial enzyme immunoassay for measuring pregnancy-associated glycoproteins to diagnose pregnancy in dairy cows under field conditions in Algeria

Ayad

Derbak

Besseboua

2021

Vestn. Ross. univ. družby nar., Ser. Agron. životnovod.

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“…However, none of these gene and protein markers have been validated by rigorous ROC curve analysis, nor have they been tested in actual production. Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein serves as a reliable protein biomarker to assess pregnancy in ewes, detectable as early as 30 days into gestation [49]; however, it is limited in species applicability, and its sensitivity may be skewed by pregnancy rate [50]. In brief, some previous studies still have certain limitations and shortcomings, and the discovery of new biomarkers in this study will provide a supplement for the diagnosis of early pregnancy in sheep.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Blood Metabolites and Faecal Microbial Communities in Nonpregnant and Early Gestation Ewes in Highly Cold Areas

Wu,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Biology

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Ewes undergo complex metabolic changes during pregnancy. Understanding the specific process of these changes is a necessary prerequisite in ewes for regulating and intervening in order to maintain pregnancies. However, there have been relatively few studies on the specific changes that occur in nutritional metabolism in pregnant ewes during early gestation, especially for some landrace ewes in highly cold areas. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) elucidate the changes in metabolites and microbial communities in pregnant ewes during early gestation using metabolomics and 16S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) amplicon sequencing approaches, and to (2) discover novel early pregnancy-induced biomarkers in the blood and faeces. Rams were placed together with ewes on D0 and removed on D45. During early gestation, blood and faecal samples were collected from ewes in a highly cold area for analysing the metabolites and microbial communities; these were retrospectively classified as the early gestation pregnant (EP) ewe group or the nonpregnant (NP) ewe group based on the lambing status recorded during the expected delivery period. The differences in the plasma biochemical parameters, plasma metabolites, and faecal microbial communities of pregnant and nonpregnant ewes were characterised. The GC, IL-6, O-acetyl-l-serine, L-glutamine, and 6-acetamido-2-oxohexanoic acid were screened out as potential biomarkers for evaluating the occurrence of early pregnancy. These novel early pregnancy-induced metabolites discovered in ewes might allow for the development of technologies to detect early pregnancies in sheep in highly cold areas.

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“…Diagnosis of early pregnancy is an important tool in livestock species and has been performed traditionally via transrectal palpation or ultrasound. However, due to limitations in skilled technicians and their height, the demand for accurate pregnancy diagnosis has become increasingly important (Khan et al, 2020). Pregnancy diagnosis is an important part of successful reproductive management (Delhez et al, 2020) and early identification of non-pregnancy in female cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The detection of Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins in the blood Serum as an Indicator of Pregnancy in Bali Cattle

Puja,

Sulabda,

Trinayani

et al. 2024

JAHP

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T he inability of national meat production in Indonesia has resulted in the government still importing beef from several countries. Of course, this indicates that beef production still needs to be put up to target (Sawitri et al., 2021). Efforts can be made to improve the livestock system in Indonesia, especially to achieve the target of one-year birth intervals or to shorten the calving-conception interval by detecting early pregnancy in cows after mating (Kaya et al., 2016). Early pregnancy diagnosis is necessary after mating for early removal of non-pregnant livestock. Early pregnancy diagnosis with a high level of accuracy is very important to improve the reproductive performance of cows (Abdullah et al., 2014;Lavon et al., 2022). Early pregnancy diagnosis is very important to determine Short communicationAbstract | Detection of early pregnancy in livestock is an important part of livestock reproductive management; therefore, choosing an accurate method for diagnosing early pregnancy is very important. This research aims to determine the potential utilization of pregnancy associated glycoproteins (PAG) circulating in the blood as a diagnostic tool for pregnancy in cows. A study was carried out on 37 Bali cows with previous experience giving birth. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein on the 45th day after artificial insemination and stored at -20°C until PAG testing using the ELISA method. The sensitivity of the test for pregnancy detection was 0.33 ng/mL. As a control, samples from non-pregnant cows were used. The PAG concentration in pregnant Bali cows was 0.55 ng/mL, and in non-pregnant cows, it was 0.06 ng/mL. PAG concentration in pregnant cows was significantly different from that of cows that were not pregnant. The results of research on Bali cows showed that the accuracy of the PAG test in diagnosing pregnancy was 100%. Therefore, it was concluded that the circulating concentration of PAG is a suitable marker for determining pregnancy in Bali cattle. However, in order to better manage the reproductive system of Bali cows, further research is needed to increase the prediction value to a more acceptable starting point.

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Early Pregnancy Diagnosis using Pregnancy-Associated Glycoproteins in the Serum of Pregnant Ruminants

Abstract: Authors' Contribution DK and HK designed the study. NA, MTT did statistical analysis. MT, MSK and RUK wrote the article.

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Using commercial enzyme immunoassay for measuring pregnancy-associated glycoproteins to diagnose pregnancy in dairy cows under field conditions in Algeria

Using commercial enzyme immunoassay for measuring pregnancy-associated glycoproteins to diagnose pregnancy in dairy cows under field conditions in Algeria

Blood Metabolites and Faecal Microbial Communities in Nonpregnant and Early Gestation Ewes in Highly Cold Areas

The detection of Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins in the blood Serum as an Indicator of Pregnancy in Bali Cattle

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