Early post-operative complications of thyroid surgery- A study of 50 cases in a tertiary level hospital of Bangladesh

Abstract

To evaluate the early post-operative complications and the risk factors in relation to the extent of surgery in patients undergoing thyroidectomy in a tertiary level hospital. Method: This was a cross-sectional observational study from 1st November 2017 to 30th April, 2018 in department of ENT & Head-Neck surgery, Comilla Medical College Hospital, Comilla, 50 patients who underwent thyroid surgery were included this study. Result: In total 50 patients' thyroid surgery were performed for different indications. The patients were between 21-60 years of age with a maximum incidence in 4th decade, out of them 42 patients were female and 8 patients were male with a female male ratio 5.25:1. Among the 50 patients, 27 patients were diagnosed as nodular goitre, 8 patients as papillary carcinoma, 11 patients as follicular adenoma & 4 patients as follicular carcinoma. In this study papillary carcinoma is prevalent in 3rd decade and follicular carcinoma in 4th to 6th decade & Nodular goitre 4th decade. Nodular goitre was the most frequent indications (54%) which was followed by papillary carcinoma of thyroid (18%). The only six complications noted in these 50 patients. Postoperative hematoma in 1 patient, transient hypocalcemia in 2 patients, unilateral RLN palsy in 2 patients and airway obstruction in 1 patient. Conclusion: For preventing early post-operative complications thorough anatomical knowledge and gentle operative technique is essential.