Early Plant Succession after Cutting and Burning in the Upper Rio Negro Region of the Amazon Basin

Uhl, Christopher; Clark, Kathleen; Clark, Howard; Murphy, Peter G.

doi:10.2307/2259689

Cited by 289 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Mowing the Saccharum resulted in a large amount of highly flammable Saccharum litter on the ground. This may have increased the temperature of the fire and decreased the size of the viable seed bank (Uhl et al 1981).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to forest regeneration of deforested and abandoned land in Panama

Hooper

Legendre

Condit

2005

Journal of Applied Ecology

255

171

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Summary1. In Panama, abandoned agricultural lands that supported tropical rain forest are invaded by the exotic invasive grass Saccharum spontaneum , which precludes native forest regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the importance of several barriers to forest regeneration and highlight mitigation opportunities. 2. We examined four barriers to natural regeneration: Saccharum competition, seed dispersal limitation, fire and soil nutrient deficiency. Tree and shrub regeneration was measured in a factorial experiment combining Saccharum cutting treatments, distances from adjacent forest and a prescribed burn to assess the first three barriers, respectively. We compared soil nutrients in Saccharum plots with those from adjacent forest. Additionally, we determined the importance of distance to remnant vegetation (large-leaved monocots, shrubs and isolated trees) on forest regeneration. 3. Fire significantly decreased plant species richness of forest regeneration. Fire inhibited the germination of most species; the effect was exacerbated by cutting the Saccharum . 4. Grass competition significantly decreased seedling growth, while soil nutrient deficiency did not affect forest regeneration. 5. Seed dispersal limitation affected density and species richness. Significantly more species (3 × ) regenerated at 10 m compared with 35 m from the forest. Mean seedling densities were, respectively, four, three and two times higher under large-leaved monocots, isolated trees and shrubs than in open Saccharum . When seed input was experimentally equalized, large-seeded species had the highest establishment rate, suggesting that if their propagules were dispersed to the site they would regenerate in high proportions. However, under natural conditions they regenerated poorly and represented the most dispersal-limited species group. 6. Synthesis and applications . Our results suggest that facilitation of natural regeneration may be a feasible, low-cost management option for restoring native forest cover to large areas. Firebreaks must be established to promote biodiversity of forest regeneration. We do not recommend Saccharum cutting or fertilization as site treatments. Shading effectively eliminates Saccharum . Planting a variety of tree species in clumps throughout the Saccharum may overcome dispersal limitations and catalyse natural regeneration. Trees that attract different frugivores are recommended, especially largeseeded forest species.

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Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to forest regeneration of deforested and abandoned land in Panama

Hooper

Legendre

Condit

2005

Journal of Applied Ecology

255

171

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“…São fatores comuns de perturbação o corte e queima de árvores e arbustos, com posterior utilização do solo para atividades agropastoris, abertura de clareiras naturais causadas pela queda de uma ou mais árvores do dossel, deslizamentos, atividades vulcânicas e ataque de insetos (UHL et al, 1981;KAUFFMAN, 1991;COCHRANE;SCHULZE, 1999;MARTINS;RIBEIRO, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Densidade e composição florística do banco de sementes de um trecho de floresta estacional semidecidual no campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG

Franco¹,

Martins

Faria

et al. 2012

Rev. Árvore

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RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o banco de sementes de um trecho de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Secundária, por meio da análise florística e da densidade de sementes. Denominado Mata da Praça de Esportes, o fragmento está situado no Campus da UFV, em Viçosa, MG, cuja área corresponde a 10,65 ha em regeneração há 75 anos. A área amostral foi subdividida em 40 parcelas de 3 x 5 m, distribuídas em quatro transectos paralelos. Amostras compostas foram feitas em 20 dessas parcelas e posteriormente distribuídas dentro de 40 caixas de madeira, em viveiro. O montante foi dividido, submetendo-se cada metade a sombreamentos de 11,5% e 60%. A germinação total e das espécies arbustivo-arbóreas foi comparada nas duas condições de sombreamento, utilizando-se o teste t para amostras independentes. O banco de sementes foi constituído predominantemente por ervas invasoras, pertencentes, em sua maioria, às famílias Asteraceae (15 espécies), Solanaceae (4 espécies) e Poaceae (3 espécies). Foram quantificadas 5.194 plântulas, com predomínio das pioneiras arbustivo-arbóreas das famílias Melastomataceae e Cecropiaceae. A germinação das sementes conduzida sob sombra foi significativamente maior do que no ambiente de menor sombreamento (luz). Espécies zoocóricas foram mais abundantes, indicando a importância dos fragmentos florestais como fonte de recurso e abrigo para a fauna local. A alta densidade de indivíduos de espécies arbóreas e arbustivas pioneiras, como Cecropia hololeuca, as espécies de Melastomataceae, Asteraceae e Piperaceae, importantes para a regeneração da floresta, reflete a capacidade de resiliência da área estudada, na ocorrência de distúrbios.Palavras-chave: Ecologia de sementes, Densidade de sementes e Germinação. DENSITY AND FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF THE SEMIDECIDUOUS SEASONAL FOREST STRETCH SEED BANK, LOCATED IN THE CAMPUS OF VIÇOSA FEDERAL UNIVERSITY, MG, BRAZIL ABSTRACT -The objective of this paper was to characterize the seeds bank of a stretch at the Secondary Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, through the analysis of floristic aspects as well as seed density. This fragment is located on the UFV campus, in Viçosa, MG and is known as

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“…In the Amazon region, many of these lands are abandoned after several years of use and often develop into secondary forests (Uhl et al 1981, Uhl and Jordan 1984, Uhl 1987. Species composition of primary and secondary forests may vary according to the history of land use (Mesquita et al 2001), intensity of anthropic perturbation (Buschbacher et al 1988), competitive interactions among species (Huston 1979) and the availability of seeds in the soil seed bank .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed size influence on germination responses to light and temperature of seven pioneer tree species from the Central Amazon

Aud

Ferraz

2012

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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In Amazon secondary forests are dominated by pioneer species that typically produce large amounts of small and dormant seeds that are able to form a persistent soil seed bank. Seed dormancy in this group of species is overcome by environmental conditions found in open areas, such as high irradiation or alternating temperatures. Nevertheless, a variety of germination responses to environmental factors is known among pioneers; some of them may germinate in diffuse light or in darkness condition at constant temperature. Seed mass can be considered as one of the factors that promotes this variety. Regarding species with very small seeds, it seems that the trigger for germination is light and for larger seeds temperature alternation may be a more important stimulus. In this study we established a relationship between seed mass and germination response to light and alternating temperature for a group of seven woody pioneer species from the Amazon forest. We found that an increase in seed mass was followed by a decrease in the need for light and an increase in the tolerance to alternating temperatures. Understanding germination strategies may contribute with the knowledge of species coexistence in high diverse environments and also may assist those involved in forest management and restoration.

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Early Plant Succession after Cutting and Burning in the Upper Rio Negro Region of the Amazon Basin

Cited by 289 publications

References 18 publications

Barriers to forest regeneration of deforested and abandoned land in Panama

Barriers to forest regeneration of deforested and abandoned land in Panama

Densidade e composição florística do banco de sementes de um trecho de floresta estacional semidecidual no campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG

Seed size influence on germination responses to light and temperature of seven pioneer tree species from the Central Amazon

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