Early phenotypic and functional alterations in lymphocytes from simian immunodeficiency virus infected macaques

Abstract

Kneitz, c., Kerkau, T., Müller, J., Coulibaly, C., Stahl-Hennig, c., Hunsmann, G., Hünig, T. and Schimpl, A., 1993. Early phenotypic and functional alterations in Iymphocytes from simian immunodeficiency virus infected macaques. Veto Immunol. Immunopathol., Phenotypic and functional changes in Iymphocytes from rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were investigated during the first 6 months after infection with SIVmac 32H. Animals preimmunized with keyhole !impet hemocyanin (KLH) were sacrificed 1. 3, 6, 12, and 24 weeks post infection. Subset composition and function oflymphocytes from blood, spleen, Iymph node and thymus were analysed. In addition to a rapid decline in CD4/CD8 ratios, a massive reduction in CD29+CD4+ cells was seen in the periphery. Although depletion of this subset was observed throughout the course of this experiment, the loss of proliferative T cell responses was most pronounced very early after infection and partially recovered after Month 3. Polyclonal cytotoxic responses were only slightly affected. In the thymus, a gradual, but moderate loss of CD4 + CD8 + immature thymocytes, and a relative increase in both CD4 + and CD8 + mature subsets was observed. Infectious virus was readily reeovered from homogenates oflymph node and spleen, but not of thymus tissue. Interestingly, however, virus was deteeted in thymocytes from a11 infected animals by cocultivation with a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) susceptible celliine. ABBREVIATIONSAb, antibody; BSA, bovine serum albumin; BSS, balaneed salt solution; DN, double negative; DP, double positive; FCS, fetal calf serum; KLH, keyhole Iimpet hemocyanin; mAb, monoc1onal antibody, PBL, peripheral blood Iymphoeyte; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; SIV, simian immunodeficieney virus; SP, single positive.

Evidence for Recombination of Live, Attenuated Immunodeficiency Virus Vaccine with Challenge Virus to a More Virulent Strain

“…To assess the clinical consequences of the SHIV challenge, the percentage of CD29 ϩ CD4 ϩ lymphocytes was determined, since a drop in this population is an early prognostic marker for a decline in immune function in humans (4,8) and macaques (17,22). A transient decline in the percentage of CD29 ϩ CD4 ϩ cells was observed in SHIV-infected control monkeys during the acute phase of infection but not in the vaccinated macaques (Fig.…”

Relationship of Lymphoid Lesions to Disease Course in Mucosal Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Type C Infection

“…These findings are consistent with those of other studies in the FIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) systems. 33,34,50,72 In addition, selective depletion of CD4-bearing thymocytes has been observed in HIV-infected adults and in children. 6,8,58,67 As with FIV infection, the severely depleted thymic tissue from children dying of AIDS contained minimal evidence of virus replication.…”

“…[24][25][26][27][28][29] and seven SPF weanling age cats (Nos. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. The FIV infection status and disease course of these animals has been previously described and is briefly summarized in Table 1.…”

Blocking Type I Interferon Production: A New Therapeutic Option to Reduce the HIV-1-Induced Immune Activation

“…Not only in humans, but also in the macaque model, it was shown that immune activation played a crucial role in lentiviral pathogenesis. The infection with simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV) is usually apathogenic in the natural hosts like sooty mangabeys or African green monkeys [14, 15], whereas the infection of rhesus macaques with pathogenic SIV strains resembles the progressive course of human HIV-1 infection [16]. Pathogenic and apathogenic lentiviral infections are characterized by comparable viral loads in acute and chronic phases of the disease and a similar degree of CD4+ T cell destruction in cell culture [7].…”