Early Pathogenesis and Inflammatory Response in Experimental Bovine Mastitis Due to Streptococcus uberis

Pedersen, Lars H.; Aalbæk, Bent; Røntved, Christine M.; Ingvartsen, Klaus Lønne; Sørensen, Nanna Skall; Heegaard, Peter M. H.; Jensen, H. E.

doi:10.1053/jcpa.2002.0620

Cited by 80 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…SAA may therefore serve as an indicator of the degree of tissue damage. The rapid increase in milk concentrations after intramammary inoculation of mastitis pathogens suggests that SAA may be particularly suited for early detection of mastitis (Pedersen et al 2003). The fast return towards baseline values after bacterial clearance suggests that milk SAA measurements may also be used as indicators of treatment efficacy.…”

Section: Acute Phase Proteins In Mastitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute phase proteins and their use in the diagnosis of diseases in ruminants: a review

Tóthová¹,

Nagy²,

Kováč³

2014

Vet. Med.

164

160

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ABSTRACT:The acute phase response is a complex systemic early-defence system of reactions activated by trauma, infection, tissue damage, inflammation, stress or neoplasia. One of the most important elements of this response is the increased hepatic synthesis of some plasma proteins, collectively known as acute phase proteins. The discovery of these new biomarkers has allowed the clinical monitoring of different diseases; therefore, their clinical application has been studied widely in human medicine in order to improve the diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, prognosis and therapeutics of many diseases. Although a wide range of studies have been carried out to determine the usefulness of acute phase proteins in several diseases also in animals, they are still relatively under-utilised in veterinary medicine, predominantly in farm animals. The acute phase response and clinical application of acute phase proteins in ruminants are reviewed in this article, including their diagnostic use in clinical practice and application in the monitoring of treatment, which is one of the most promising practical uses of these proteins.

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Section: Acute Phase Proteins In Mastitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute phase proteins and their use in the diagnosis of diseases in ruminants: a review

Tóthová¹,

Nagy²,

Kováč³

2014

Vet. Med.

164

160

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“…The APP are considered to be non-specific innate immune components involved in the restoration of homeostasis and restraint of microbial growth before animals develop acquired immunity to a challenge (reviewed by [16]). The two most sensitive bovine APP, haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA), have been well studied in serum [2, 3, 6-8, 13, 15, 21], and in milk during acute clinical mastitis [3,6,15]. However, to our knowledge there are few reports on APR during episodes of subclinical mastitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in milk from dairy cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis

2005

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-New tools are needed to detect chronic sub-clinical mastitis, especially in automatic milking systems. Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A (SAA) are the two most sensitive bovine acute phase proteins, and their concentrations increase in milk from cows with clinical mastitis and in milk from cows with experimentally induced chronic sub-clinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis. The aim of this study was to further evaluate the potential for haptoglobin and SAA in milk as indicators of chronic sub-clinical mastitis. Quarter milk samples were collected from 41 cows with a mean composite milk somatic cell count (CSCC) above 300 000 cells/mL during at least two months prior to sampling. Quarter milk samples were also taken from eleven cows with a mean CSCC below 80 000 cells/mL during at least two previous months. These samples were analysed for haptoglobin, SAA, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) activity and bacterial growth. The samples were grouped according to their ATP, haptoglobin and SAA status. ATP+ samples had ATP > 2 × 10 -10 mol/mL, Hp+ and SAA+ samples had detectable levels of haptoglobin (≥ 0.3 mg/L) and SAA (≥ 0.9 mg/L), respectively. In udder quarter samples from healthy cows, 42 out of 44 samples belonged to the ATPHp-SAA-group. Among cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis, the ATP+Hp+SAA+ group contained 66 out of 164 samples while 44 samples belonged to the ATP+Hp-SAA-group. Detectable levels of haptoglobin and SAA were found in 92 and 80 samples, respectively. Growth of udder pathogens was detected in 28 samples and Staphylococcus aureus was the most common bacteria. In conclusion, haptoglobin and SAA concentrations below the detection limit were considered as good indicators of healthy udder quarters. A substantial variation in haptoglobin and SAA concentrations in milk was observed in udder quarters with chronic sub-clinical mastitis. serum amyloid A / haptoglobin / chronic / sub-clinical / mastitis

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“…Given our findings that Hp mRNA is expressed in circulating bovine leukocytes, these cells might consequently also be capable of synthesising the Hp protein and, thus, after their migration into the mammary gland might contribute towards the Hp protein in milk measured by other studies (Eckersall et al, 2001;Gronlund et al, 2003Gronlund et al, , 2005Pedersen et al, 2003;Hiss et al, 2004;). In humans, granulocytes can store Hp and release the protein after their exposure to Candida albicans (Wagner et al, 1996) or to the cytokine TNF-α (Berkova et al, 1999).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…In particular, a significant increase of Hp concentrations in milk was observed only hours after mastitis had been induced experimentally (Gronlund et al, 2003;Pedersen et al, 2003;Hiss et al, 2004). Moreover, compared to blood Hp concentrations recorded simultaneously, the increase in milk occurred earlier (Hiss et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Several recent studies on mastitis in dairy cows have provided data on Hp concentrations not only in blood but also in milk to further elucidate its role in the animal's response to this disease (Eckersall et al, 2001;Gronlund et al, 2003Gronlund et al, , 2005Pedersen et al, 2003;Hiss et al, 2004). In particular, a significant increase of Hp concentrations in milk was observed only hours after mastitis had been induced experimentally (Gronlund et al, 2003;Pedersen et al, 2003;Hiss et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative detection of haptoglobin mRNA in bovine and human blood leukocytes and bovine milk somatic cells

Ma¹,

Mielenz²,

Hiss³

et al. 2005

Vet. Med.

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Local expression of haptoglobin (Hp) mRNA in tissue homogenates from different sites of the bovine mammary gland has recently been established. Besides alveolar and stromal tissue, blood cells are one potential cellular location of Hp expression. The aim of this study was to investigate whether bovine leukocytes might contribute to the Hp mRNA transcripts found in the mammary gland after their migration into this organ. For this purpose RT-PCR was carried out with total RNA extracted from leukocytes in blood and from somatic cells in milk of three dairy cows. In comparison, human leukocytes of four donors were examined. Both bovine blood and milk somatic cells showed distinct signals for Hp mRNA in all samples in contrast to human leukocytes where Hp mRNA was detected in only two out of four donors after reamplification. In conclusion, the presence of Hp mRNA in blood derived leukocytes indicates that these cells contribute to the Hp mRNA transcripts found in the bovine mammary gland. It remains to be clarified whether other cells within the mammary gland are also capable of Hp mRNA synthesis.

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Early Pathogenesis and Inflammatory Response in Experimental Bovine Mastitis Due to Streptococcus uberis

Cited by 80 publications

References 18 publications

Acute phase proteins and their use in the diagnosis of diseases in ruminants: a review

Acute phase proteins and their use in the diagnosis of diseases in ruminants: a review

Haptoglobin and serum amyloid A in milk from dairy cows with chronic sub-clinical mastitis

Qualitative detection of haptoglobin mRNA in bovine and human blood leukocytes and bovine milk somatic cells

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