“…Hypothalamic neurons are constantly exhibiting neuroplasticity in response to homeostatic demands [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. For example, GABAergic inputs to NPY or POMC neurons increase from prepubertal to adult stage, coinciding with the development of feeding circuitry in mice [ 5 , 16 , 21 ]. In adult mice, diet-induced obesity suppresses GABAergic and glutamatergic tone to NPY neurons, whereas fasting increases excitatory transmission to NPY-expressing cells [ 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 ].…”